The Effect Of Combined Application Of Nitrogen Phosphorus Fertilizer And Microbial Fertilizer On Growth And Quality Of Two-year-old Fritillaria Taipaiensis P.Y.Li

Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li is a perennial and medicinal herb belongs to Fritillaria Tenore of Liliaceae.It is one of a the traditional Chinese medicinal materials and has a long history of medicinal application,which is one of the unique Chinese herbal medicines in Taibai Mountain Qinba Mountains.But the unreasonable use of fertilizers and pesticides seriously effected the yield and quality in the artificial cultivation of Fritillaria.Microbial fertilizer has been widely applied in the production of traditional Chinese medicine.Microbial fertilizer can not only regulate the growth of crops,improve the quality of medicinal materials,but also play an important role in soil environmental improvement.In this experiment,different fertilizer was applied into the soil of two-year-old Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li under field condition.By measuring plant indexes,soil enzyme activities,the number of microorganisms,physical and chemical properties,plant growth,bulb growth,alkaloid content of bulb,to explore the effects of combined application of nitrogen,phosphate fertilizer and microbial fertilizer the on growth and quality of two-year-old Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li.the main results are as follows:?1?Different forms and amounts of nitrogen fertilizer had different effects on soil indexes and growth of Fritillaria.CON₂N₄ is beneficial to improve the quantity of soil microorganism,KNO₃ is conducive to increasing the ratio of bacteria to fungi;Both the two nitrogen fertilizer can promote soil enzyme activities increased,but CON₂N₄ is more conducive to improve the activity of urease and protease.;Compared to the CON₂N₄,KNO₃is more conductive to the improvement of soil available nutrients,reduction of soil pH;High dosage of KNO₃ is more conducive to the growth of Fritillaria plants,especially the alkaloid content was significantly higher than the CON₂N₄ treatment.In general,KNO₃ is the better form of Nitrogen fertilizer,high dose of KNO₃?71.50 kg/hm²?is beneficial to plant growth and alkaloid content.?2?After the combined application of nitrogen phosphorus fertilizerand microchemical fertilizer,the number and structure of microorganism improved.Soil enzyme activities were also improved.The organic matter content,total nitrogen content,soil available phosphorus and potassium increased significantly.Soil pH decreased effectively and more conductive to the growth of Fritillaria;The effects of different amount phosphorus and microchemical agent on soil indexes and growth of Fritillaria were different,combined application of high dose phosphorus fertilizer?214.40 kg/hm²?and microchemical agent is more conducive to promoting the growth of Fritillaria plants and accumulation of alkaloids in bulbs.?3?Combined application of bioorganic fertilizer,nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer has a significant effect on improving the number of soil microorganisms,the ratio of bacteria to fungi also increased,and there is a obviously increment of soil microorganism.Soil enzyme activities were improved,especially urease and phosphatase.The organic matter content,total nitrogen content increased significantly.All of these promote the growth of Fritillaria,especially,there is a significant effect on the accumulation of alkaloid.The application of bioorganic fertilizer can reduce the amount of N and P fertilizer?47.67 kg/hm²?142.93kg/hm²?.