| [Objective] Puerariae lobata was first recorded in “Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing”,which is one of the traditional Chinese medicine.It is both medicinal and edible.Besides,P.lobata is in great demand every year.(1)To clarify the relationship between the origin,producing areas,characters and the quality evaluation of P.lobata in ancient herbal works,this paper combed the relevant content of origin,producing areas,characters and the quality evaluation of P.lobata.(2)In ancient herbal works,Flos Puerariae is often used to relieve alcohol.Explore the regularity of distribution and accumulation of isoflavonoids in different organs of P.lobata by comparing the content of isoflavonoids in roots,stems,leaves,flowers and fruits.(3)In ancient herbal works,“The deeper root is better” was commonly recognized.To expound the scientific connotation of that,this paper explored the regularity of distribution and accumulation of isoflavonoids in different parts.To elucidate the head of the root “makes people vomit”,the content of inorganic elements in different fraction of P.lobata was determined.(4)Aiming at the difference of quality between various producing areas,this paper revealed the relationship between the producing area and the active components by calibrating the content of 7 isoflavonoids of P.lobata in different producing areas.(5)Besides the root of P.lobata,the resources of its' stem are abundant too.To provide reference for the resources development and utilization of the stem of P.lobata,this paper calibrated the content of the stem of P.lobata in different producing areas.[Methods] The content of quality evaluation of P.lobata in ancient herbal works was combed.The content of 7 isoflavonoids in roots,stems,leaves,flowers and fruits was determined.Based on the herbal textual research,the content of isoflavonoids and inorganic elements of different parts of the complete root system of P.Lobata from the same producing area was determined by HPLC and ICP-MS respectively to reveal the scientific connotation of “the deeper root is better” and why the head of the root “makes people vomit”.The content of 7 isoflavonoids of P.Lobata in 41 different producing areas of 14 provinces was calibrated.In addition,this paper clarified the regularity of distribution and accumulation of isoflavonoids of the stem of P.Lobata in different producing areas by calibrating the content of 7 isoflavonoids of it in 25 different producing areas of 9 provinces.[Results]((1)There are two kinds of P.Lobata recorded in ancient herbal works: Pueraria lobata(Willd.)Ohwi and P.thomsonii Benth.The P.Lobata in Jiangxi Province was better for food but the medicinal quality was poor.In ancient herbal works,there were two kinds of quality evaluation opinions on P.lobata: one is “The deeper root is better.”,and the other is “The Puerariae Lobatae Radix in a white color and mealiness is better.”(2)The distribution and content of isoflavonoids of different organs showed significant differences.Isoflavonoids in stems was similar to those in roots,but differ in content.The leaves,flowers and fruits of P.lobata were detected in low content of Daidzin,Genistein and Daidzein,several other isoflavonoids were not detectable.(3)The content of isoflavonoids of different parts showed significant differences.The rules of different isoflavonoids components were not consistent.The content of Puerarin in rhizome was about 1/2 of root,and the tuber was higher than that in head and neck.However,the content of Puerarin had a little difference in upper,middle part and lower part of the tuber.The regularity of 3'-hydroxy Puerarin,Puerarin,3'-Methoxy Puerarin,Mirificin was consistent with that of Puerarin.The regularity of Daidzein was contrary to Puerarin,that was,the content in rhizome was higher than in root,but lowest in tuber of a root.There was no obvious regularity of inorganic elements in different parts.In different tissues,the content of inorganic elements in cork was significantly higher than that in xylem and phloem.(4)There were also significant differences of the content of isoflavonoids among different producing areas.The Puerarin content of P.lobata from Henan Songxian,Anhui Hefei was up to 4 times as that stipulated in the Chinese pharmacopoeia(2.4%),while the Puerarin content of P.lobata from Anhui Huaining,Ningguo,Qingyang,Taihu,Tongling,Wangjiang,Susong,Henan Tongbai,Hunan Chaling and Jiangxi Wuyuan didn't meet the standard.(5)There were also differences among the content of isoflavonoids of the stems of P.lobata from different producing areas.And most of the content of isoflavonoids in stem was lower than in roots,except that from Anhui Susong and Huaining.The content of isoflavones in stem of 8 in 25 different producing areas was lower than 1%(the standard of Puerarin of P.thomsonii Radix in Chinese pharmacopoeia),and the content of Shaanxi Ankang,Anhui Hefei,Anhui Susong was higher than 2.4%.[Conclusion](1)There are two kinds of P.Lobata recorded in ancient herbal works: P.lobata(Willd.)Ohwi and P.thomsonii Benth.The medicinal quality of P.thomsonii Radix was inferior.The producing areas of P.lobata had increased,and developed from the central plains to the southeast.Ancient Chinese doctors thought that the quality of P.lobata was related to the character,producing area and germplasm.(2)The content of isoflavonoids of different organ varied much,and the isoflavonoids content of leaf,flower and fruit was low.In addition,the Flos Puerariae needs further study.(3)The different isoflavonoids content of different parts of the complete root system of P.lobata verified the view," The deeper root is better ",and have provided reference for the classification of commercial grades of P.lobata.There were no obvious regularity of inorganic elements in different parts.Therefore,why the head of the root “makes people vomit” needs further study.The higher content of various inorganic elements in cork showed the rationality of been peeled when P.lobata used as medicinal material.(4)The content of isoflavonoids of P.lobata in different producing areas varied greatly,which could provide a reasonable reference for choosing better producing areas.(5)The isoflavonoids content of the stems of P.lobata was generally low,that can be used as industrial extraction of isoflavonoids.To some extent,this paper provided the basis for comprehensive utilization of the resources of the stems of P.lobata. |
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