Study On Urinary Arsenic Level And Its Influencing Factors In Adults Of Yunnan Province

ObjectiveThis study was detected urinary arsenic excretion and combine with urine sample questionnaire survey to analyze the influencing factors of urinary arsenic and to investigate the normal reference value of urinary arsenic level in adults of Yunnan(Normal reference values of Yunnan,Dali,Heqing,Mengzi and Kunming).Provide an important reference indicators for the diagnosis of arsenic poisoning and found that high-risk groups and arsenic poisoning patients,given timely intervention and treatment,and for the population of arsenic occupational health care to provide basic data.Methods1.Determine the site of the investigation:Access to the literature,according to the literature reported environmental arsenic background value selected site to investigate.Mengzi,adjacent to environmental background value are higher than the location,the background value of Kunming and the lower background value of Heqing,Dali is taken as a professional non-arsenic exposure survey site citing an Gejiu Tin Smelter and Mengzi arsenic factory simultaneously.2.Determination of respondents:According to the employee's occupational health examination data and the basic information of the staff in the previous year,the list of employees meeting the inclusion criteria is determined.3.Survey method:We carry out face-to-face questionnaire survey to collect the basic situation,career history,lifestyle and other information of objects,and collect urine samples for urine test arsenic content.4.Urinary arsenic detection method:Using wet nitrification Hydride Generation Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry(HG-AFS).5.Establishment and analysis of database:database was built with application of Epidata3.1 software.The results of the survey were conducted double entry.After the consistency test,data was imported into SPSS20.0 software for data analysis.Arsenic is a non-essential element of the body,as long as more than a certain level is abnormal,so only need to determine the 95%uranium arsenic confidence interval of the upper limit.Comparison of the two sets of data using Wilcoxon rank sum to test,and multiple sets of data were compared using H to test.The correlation was analyzed by grade correlation analysis.The odds ratio was analyzed by ?2to test and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed,?=0.05.Results1.The urinary arsenic content of 155 occupational non-arsenic exposure workers inHeqing,Dali was positive skewed,with median of 28.552 ? g/L,and 95%of the unilateral range of the upper limit of 108.470?g/L.2.The urinary arsenic content of 155 occupational non-arsenic exposure workers in Mengzi was positive skewed,with median of 56.794 ? g/L,and 95%of the unilateral range of the upper limit of 129.994?g/L.3.The urinary arsenic content of 166 occupational non-arsenic exposure workers in Kunming was normality,with median of 48.85 ? g/L,and 95%of the unilateral range of the upper limit of 127.60?g/L.4.The arsenic content of occupational arsenic exposure workers is not related to age,sex.ethnicity,literacy,BMI,smoking and drinking.5.The urinary arsenic content in 119 cases of Gejiu Tin smelter workers reflected a skewed distribution,the median is 268.34 ? g/L,urine arsenic content medians of men and women were 274.97 ? g/L and 250.01 ? g/L respectively.The difference between the male and female urinary arsenic levels was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Single factor analysis reported that urinary arsenic levels were not correlated with age(P>0.05).The difference of urinary arsenic among different ethnic groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).After pairwise comparison,the urine arsenic content of the Hani nationality is higher than that of the other minority nationalities,and the difference is statistically significant(P<0.013).There was no significant difference between other ethnic groups(P>0.013).At the same time,there was no significant difference in urinary arsenic level between the two groups(P>0.05).There was a negative correlation between urinary arsenic content and workers' BMI(rs =-0.734,P<0.001),that means,urinary arsenic decreased with the increase of BMI,and the difference of urinary arsenic in different BMI groups was statistically significant(?2 =108.973,P =0.000).Compared with each other,the urinary arsenic of BMI normal was higher than that of BMI overweight workers,and the difference of urinary arsenic was statistically significant(P=0.006).There was no significant difference in urinary arsenic between the other groups(P>0.05).Workers smoking,drinking alcohol are not related to urinary arsenic levels.There was no significant difference in urinary arsenic level between the smoking group and the non-smoking group(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in urinary arsenic level between the drinking group and the non-alcoholic group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the smoking group and the non-smoking group(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis also implicated that the content of arsenic in arsenic was related to BMI,and the content of urinary arsenic in BMI was higher than that in overweight and obese.A total of 39 arsenic exposure workers were investigated in the arsenic factory.The median urinary arsenic content of the workers was 282.62 ? g/L.There was no significant difference in urinary arsenic level between different sexes and different age groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in urinary arsenic level between different body index groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in urinary arsenic level between different ethnic groups and different educational levels(P>0.05).Smoking,drinking and urinary arsenic content was not correlated(P>0.05).6.Citing the occupational non-arsenic exposure urinary arsenic content of Mengzi cement plant which 95%unilateral range upper limit of 129.994 ? g/L(?130? g/L)as the arsenic exceeded,urinary arsenic content of occupational exposure was analyzed.The results reflected that some of the occupational arsenic exposure exceeded the standard with obvious symptoms of the class of neurosis,digestive system,skin damage,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).7.the operator's arsenic content distribution of occupational non-arsenic exposure in the three regions is different.Compared with the each other,the content of urinary arsenic in Dali and Kunming workers was different(P<0.017).The content of urinary arsenic in Dali and Mongolian workers was different(P<0.017).There was no significant difference in urinary arsenic content between Kunming and Mengzi(P>0.017).Conclusion1.The normal reference value of the Heqing area is 108.470 ? g/L,which represents the normal reference value of urinary arsenic in the population with low environmental arsenic background value.The normal reference value of the Mengzi area is 130 ? g/L,which represents the normal reference value of urinary arsenic with high environmental background value.Urine normal reference value in Kunming is 127.60 ? g/L.This value has a certain overlap with urine arsenic normal person in the determination of arsenic health damage.Therefore,in the specific application of the diagnosis of arsenic poisoning should be considered to reduce the misdiagnosis rate and appropriate to improve the standard,when screening for arsenic poisoning patients,you should consider reducing the misdiagnose rate that means this reference comes first.2.There are regional differences in arsenic content,which is mainly related to the environmental background value of arsenic.3.The arsenic content of occupational non-arsenic exposure workers is not related to age,sex,ethnicity,cultural level,BMI,smoking and alcohol consumption.4.The urine arsenic of occupational arsenic exposure workers among different nations is discrepant.The level of urine arsenic in Hani nationality is higher;the level of urine arsenic in BMI normal workers is higher than that of BMI overweight workers.5.Urine arsenic as a biological indicator of exposure to arsenic,the role of the influencing factors is more complex and needs further study.But for special populations such as different ethnic groups and different BMI should be considered as arsenic exposure to high-risk groups to focus on.Strengthen the occupational health care work,timely detection of arsenic health damage,timely intervention to avoid serious arsenic poisoning performance.