Exporting The Cold War Ideology:A Study On The English Teaching Program Of Eisenhower Administration

With the cold war moving forward, conflicting of U.S. and Soviet expanded almost every aspect. After Eisenhower taken the White House, the government of U.S. put more attentions to taking full advantage of soft power, such as culture and education to win the war. Fortunately, English was popular around the world at that time, which was the most developed country's mother tongue. That situation combined America oversea English teaching and propaganda. During the two presidential terms of Eisenhower, government of the U.S. took all opportunities to educate English learners anti-communism and American ideology and won their mind and hearts, that always were concealed under normal English language training, for instance, sending English teachers, assisting designing curriculums, providing learning materials so far and so forth. Undeniably, this sort of secret and easy to facing targeting people tools really worked somewhat.In order to clarify the whole English Teaching Program, I divide this paper into five sections.The first section is background part. In this section, I trace the development of English Teaching Program after the World War I, including American culture foreign relation to Latin nations, the Binational centers and culture propaganda war against Nazi Germany.In the second section, I would discuss that how America government turned the English Teaching Program into a cold war weapon. I focus that how Gorge Allen (assistant secretary to public affairs) plan the Program and analyze some crucial documents on the Program.Third is the crux of this paper. It would discuss the progress of English Teaching Program in Eisenhower administration from some dividend actions to program. At the same time, what is the Program? How the Program be carried? Both would be talked about.The fourth section is concerning with the evaluations of the Program.The last section is conclusion. This part would answer the question that American culture exchange action aimed to communication or exporting American ideology.