Study On The Municipal Encyclopedia

The Municipal encyclopedia is a book published in 1928 by the Shanghai China National Association of road construction.which introduced urban planning and construction, municipal reform and the theory of urban planning at home and abroad in the late 1920 s.It is a encyclopedic book dedicated to urban problems of early Nanjing government. Due to its specific historical background, senior publishing unit and abundance of papers, it has a high academic value for the study of modern Chinese urban history,many content of which are worth exploring and discussion in depth.In addition to the introduction and the conclusion, this paper includes six chapters, respectively illustrate the overview, research content and overall characteristics.The first chapter mainly introduces the development of the book itself, which make an introduction of the writing background, the funds raising ways, features,content, author groups of the book as well as the purposes, general services and the significance of releasing the Chinese National Association of road construction.There are three major points of the writing background: the requirement of accelerating modern urbanization process, the local autonomy movement, the boosted of national revolution is nearly completed and the begin of political tutelage; their funding mainly comes from three aspects: membership dues, subsidy,assistance of branch and donations. Its main features of Municipal encyclopedia are relating to theoretical, practical, inclusive contents and global sight. The book detailed, focused on the content, in a foreword to the book is accompanied by inscriptions and comments of eminent persons at that time. The authors of the book tend to be younger,highly educated, are teaching staff or Government officials.The second chapter mainly conclude and summary the theory of municipal government and administration of Municipal encyclopedia. Thereby further summary the study level of Chinese scholars to municipal principle at that time.academic study,fully understand of Western municipal theory play a role in the process of Chinese municipal ideology construction.The third chapter of Municipal encyclopedia mainly summarized studies on municipal issues. Includes five major contents: The first is the analysis of the general part. The Second is the analysis of the planned problems of the city,The third is the analysis of the urban social problems.,including the analysis of education,unemployment, the City Cemetery and social security.The fourth is the analysis of urban traffic problems. The fifth is the analysis of modern urban healthy issues.Through a summary for the experience of solving urban problems,with a view to providing some historical inspiration to resolve today’s similar issues.The fourth chapter of mainly discuss and analysis the municipal activity at home and abroad of Municipal encyclopedia, explore the achievement of domestic and overseas municipal practice and influence about the practice of domestic municipal.The fifth chapter mainly analysis the appendix of Municipal encyclopedia.Including analysis the municipal issues involve and the Chinese urban society.The sixth chapter is the overall evaluation of the Municipal encyclopedia. The ideological features of Municipal encyclopedia mainly have the following four points:democratization characteristics,characteristics of people’s livelihood and legal characteristics, scientific and specialized features. Its positive role mainly have the following five points: to introduce the most advanced Western urban theory, focus on the study of domestic municipal issues, dissemination of up-to-date foreign urban intelligence, promote domestic municipal construction and the regulations of modulation, provide direction and guidance for domestic provinces and cities municipal construction.Its limits are: first, emphasis on the Western urban theory, and ignore Chinese traditional thought of municipal; second, the lack of the Western theory of municipal thoroughly and study of the localization;third, the lack of integrity and deep analysis to a urban construction research. From the perspective of the city history to analysis the municipal encyclopedia, we can find the progress of city Municipal in modern China. The change of municipal reform, the subject has changed from staff, officials, dignitaries and occupational revolutionist of the urbanization shift to a professional intellectual gradually.From the perspective of the modern history, we can see the 20 th century 20-30 ’s municipal reform is an exploration to China’s road of prosperity. Due to the Nationalist Party regime adopt human suppression and dilatory attitude to impose democratic democracy, which decide that the Nationalist Party regime adopt a highly centralization of leadership and governance in urban construction and management, its essence is the Nationalist Party ’s one-party dictatorship. The lag of democratic management makes it lose mass.It can be said one of the major reasons of the collapse of the Nationalist Party regime.In short, the municipal encyclopedia is a book of great value in early Nanjing, It plays an important role in the modern municipal academic communication, Chinese and foreign urban construction and management, academic exchanges anddevelopment of local history research.