| It has been a rather new perspective to study the history of Qin and Han dynasties in terms of examining the differences of these two time periods,especially from the aspect of official crime.This paper categorizes the official crime into three types,which are political,administrative and economic(theft as a case study)offences.It then provides a comparison in different crime outcomes between Qin and Han.Finally,it compares the different privileges granted by officials in these two dynasties.It is observed that the governments of Qin and Han dynasties were tough on official crime,but emperors of the Han dynasty had a significant influence on judicial judgments contrast with Qin's executing penalty according to laws,through a comparison of the punishment for official crimes between these two dynasties.Specifically,in terms of the political offences,the guilty officials were punished by the provisions of relevant laws in Qin dynasty,while punished differently for the same crime in Han;for punishing the administrative crime,laws of Qin dynasty paid more attention to the accuracy of data than Han,and valued legal principle contrast with Han's valuing public reason;laws of Qin dynasty penalized the offences of economic crime more heavily than Han.In addition,the officials and nobility of these two dynasties granted legal advantages in varying degrees,but which were much easier to access for those who lived in Han dynasty.Above all,Qin focused on ruling by law,while Han by government.This paper discusses the differences of political culture between Qin and Han Dynasties from the view of punishing the official crime through giving a classification,comparison and summarization to the related materials,including the bamboo and wooden slips of Qin-Han dynasty and handed-down documents,as well as those collected in other scholar's works. |
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