An E-C Translation Report On Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques:Ethical,Social,and Policy Considerations(Chapter Two)

As an assisted reproductive technology(ART),mitochondrial replacement techniques are designed to prevent the transmission of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)diseases from mother to child.Compared with developed countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom,the MRT research in China is still in the initial stage with little experimental data and information.Therefore,the translation of literature and works from overseas is of great importance.This is an English-Chinese translation report of Chapter 2 "Science and Policy Context" from the medical report Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques:Ethical,Social,and Policy Considerations published by National Academies Press in 2016.The medical report mainly introduces reproductive biology,mitochondrial biology and genetics that are related to mitochondrial replacement techniques(MRT),and discusses the ethical,social,and policy considerations.The translation report is made up of four parts:Part One is the introduction to the translation project,including its background,purpose and significance,and the translation theory adopted.Part Two elaborates the background information of the source text,including the author,content,structural features and linguistic style of the source text.Part Three is the analysis of translation process,including the preparations before translation,the difficulties that the translator has met in the course of translating,translation methods and techniques employed.The difficulties involve the translation of terminologies,long sentences and passive voice.Under the guidance of Hans Vermeer's skopos theory,the translator overcomes these difficulties by means of conversion,addition,omission and division.Part Four summarizes problems to be solved and relevant considerations as well as lessons and experience from the translation practice.The translator has gained a lot of translation experience from the practice.Firstly,he has acquired some medical knowledge and has a better understanding of the unique linguistic features of medical English.Secondly,he has been more familiar with translation skills,which can serve a better guidance for his future translation practice.Finally,the translator hopes that this translation report can provide reference to translators who are engaged in medical English translation and to those working on MRT research.