The Study On Piekhanov's Theory Of Social Structure

Plekhanov devoted his life to the study of historical materialism,Social structure theory was one of the core contents of his historical materialism.Plekhanov introducted the social psychology based on the "five factors formula".Then he Put forward the theory of social structure under the emphasis on social psychological factors,which enriched the development of Marx's social structure theory.This article interprets mainly from three parts:The first part mainly clarifies the origin of Plekhanov's historical materialism.Social structure theory is a part of his historical materialism,and the study is conducive to a better study of Plekhanov's theory of social structure.Plekhanov actively studied the predecessors' theory:including the historical view of the French materialists of the eighteenth century,the historical philosophy of Hegel,and Marx and Engels' Historical Materialism.Then he used the logical analysis to give a thorough analysis of the social contradictions of each period.He explained his understanding of historical materialism on the basis of practice.The second part mainly explores the content of Plekhanov's social structure theory and its deepening of Marx's classic formula.Plekhanov paied more attention to the study of social structure,finally he proposed "five factors formula",The basic elements are summarized as five factors:productivity,production relations,political system,social psychology and social thought system,and the five elements was his total outline of historical materialism.Productivity determined the relationship of production,and the economic determined that the superstructure which was a general principle of materialism and was the main line of Plekhanov's theory of social structure.Plekhanov's "five factor formula" was divided social consciousness into two forms:social psychology and thought system.For the first time he put forward the social psychology was a very important factor in his social structure,and the social psychology was the most obvious difference between the two forms of social consciousness and the historical materialism of Marxism.Plekhanov's theory of social structure is generally consistent with Marx's theory of social structure,but they still have difference between them.Based on the above analysis of the content of Plekhanov's social structure,the third part studies on Plekhanov's theory of social structure's criticism.Combining his political tendencies to Comment on the questioning on its social structure theory and its historical and contemporary value.Plekhanov's theory of social structure has been questioned and criticized by scholars,not only has his own theory of the problem,but also has his own individual problems.His political tendency had undergoned two changes:from populism to Marxism,from Marxism to opportunism,social chauvinist.Although his political ideas and ideas were erroneous in the later period,his theory of social structure still had very important historical and contemporary values,so we had to objectively evaluate Plekhanov and his theory of social structure.