A Research On The Social Assistance For Ethnic Minority Needy Children In China

From a long time, committing to the solution of the ethnic minorities'problem is the key focus of all levels of the governments, because it is related to the stability of politics and society, and it is the critical factor of building the harmonious society of China. Poverty of ethnic minorities is the most eye-catching issue among ethnic affairs. In fact, poverty incidence in the provinces where the population of ethnic minorities is more than the Han nationality is higher than other provinces in China. Based on the numbers from National Committee, the 8 ethnic minority provinces' overty incidence is 8.6% higher than ordinary provinces. From above, the poverty problem of ethnic minorities is serious and can not be ignored. Furthermore, because children's cognitive ability and behavior ability is not yet perfect, they are more likely to be affected by poverty and they would be affected much greater than other family-members. From what has been discussed above, it is necessary for us to pay enough attention to social assistance for needy children in ethnic minority areas.Firstly, the essay make necessary explanation for the background and significant of the research, and then, it summarizes the research status of the domestic and foreign children's social assistance, and put forward the problems in the relief of the ethnic minority poor children in our country. Secondly, because the current academic circles haven't made unified definition of the two key concepts of "poor children" and "social assistance", the second part of the essay make necessary definition of the two concepts, and put forward the relevant theoretical support for poor children's social assistance using human rights theory, hierarchy of needs theory and the theory of intergenerational transmission of poverty. Thirdly, the essay analyzes the present status of the local basic life assistance, the education assistance and the medical assistance based on the Children Social Assistance Questionnaire at some schools in the County of Lingshui which is poor ethnic minority autonomous county, and then discovers and summarizes the insufficient points and deficiency. Fourth, the essay makes an overview of successful examples on children assistance abroad such as United States, Sweden, and Mexico and so on, and summarizes the deficiencies in their assistance. Fifth, the essay sums up the contest of domestic and foreign advanced assistance plan and the local situation at the county of Lingshui. Moreover, promote development of the social assistance for minority poor children in Lingshui and even in the whole nation by combination of the reforms in macro and measures in micro. The reforms in macro include:Pay much more attention to "children"; Improve the legislative level; Improve the professional level of assistance. And the measures in micro include:Increase support to ethnic minority area; Focus on the support for the poor families.