The Study Of Female Villagers Self-Government

Females’ role in society might reflect the degree of social development and civilization. Thus, the realization of equality between males and females has been taken as an important sign of the social civilization and progress. Since China’s reform and opening up policy, the migrations of most rural males from countryside to cities for work have resulted in the increasing proportion of left-home females in rural areas. Considering the statistic data that the number of left-home females accounts for 60% of the total left-home population in rural areas, females have become the backbone in developing the rural economy and society as well as the important driving force in promoting villagers’ self-governing system. However, because of some constraints, there still exist the situations that females have less chance to participate in the villagers’self-governing system, which has influenced the rural self-governing, social and economic development in rural areas and the protection of women’s rights and interests.Having chosen Shoushan Village as the resource of empirical study, By applying theories from humanities, sociology and politics, this paper is doing a study on the females’ current participation in the villagers’ self-governing system and its relevant policies. the writer employs literature reviews, interviewing methods and questionnaire survey to conduct investigations and analyses on females’ family role, political consciousness, attitudes towards participation, qualification for participation, and current situations about democratic elections, village management and decision-making in rural areas. Moreover, through selecting two election cases in recent four years, this paper does a further study on both the features and constraints that females’ participation in villagers’ self-governing system, and finally comes up with corresponding measures and suggestions such as accelerating females’ role change and subjective consciousness, perfecting the current system and mechanism and improving our social environment.The paper mainly consists of five parts:Part One focuses on a general introduction to this study, presenting sections including the motivations and significance of this paper literature reviews on the research status both at home and abroad research object and scope, research methodology and technical strategies as well as major contributions of this study.Part Two interprets terminologies and theories related to this study such as villagers’ self-governing system, females’participation in politics, Marxist feminism, Social Gender Theory.Part Three introduces females’ participation in villagers’ self-governing system of Shoushan Village. It reflects the fact that females in Shoushan Village lack consciousness of participating in political issues, which may be caused by the low educational level and the impact that traditional factors have on females in Shoushan Village.Part Four conducts the systematic analysis to reach a conclusion that many factors like political factors, social factors, internal factors and traditional factors have affected females’ participation in villagers’ self-governing system. The main political factor is because of the lack of support from laws and regulations as well as the monitoring mechanism to protect females’ election rights and gender culture in politics; The social factor may result from weak foundation of females’ organization、 insufficient public opinion and propaganda and serious gender bias. As for the internal factors, this is mainly due to the low individual competence and weak organization ability and ability of coping with stress. The traditional factors are about traditional family value and androcentric thought.Part Five has theoretically comes up with measures and suggestions to promote females’participation in the villagers’self-governing system. Firstly, the government should perfect the current laws and regulations to protect females’rights. Secondly, the Women’s Federation should display its role to expand channels for females’election rights. Thirdly, the society should improve females’ social status and modify the political participation structure. Finally, females themselves should grasp training opportunities to improve their overall qualities.