Research Into Nanjing Policies Of Social Assistance For "Expenditure-based" Underprivileged Families

The "targeted poverty alleviation"thoughtof Xi Jinpingemphasizes proper settlement of the problem of "who should be supported" andefforts to implement policies according to conditions of the families and persons.All social assistance policies currently implemented in China are mainly designed according to income.For example,the subsistence allowancesystem fails to take into sufficient consideration the family spending,thus giving rise to a new impoverished group,namely "expenditure-based"underprivileged families.How to achieve the "targeted poverty alleviation" for such families is the topic of this article.In 2007,China begun to pay attention to the "expenditure-based"impoverished group and carried out active legislation and practical exploration.Under this background,the author carries out the research and attempts to enrich and develop the poverty theories by research into the"expenditure-based" poverty,to improve the social assistance research theories of China by research into the policies and modesof social assistance for "expenditure-based"underprivileged families and to enrich the social security theories by research into the problems in social assistance for "expenditure-based" underprivileged families.Research into human rights theories,poverty theories and orientation of social assistance shows that the social assistance for the "expenditure-based" underprivileged families is the necessity for the society and the era.Nanjing has obtained a series of achievemnts in terms of exploration of social assistance for the "expenditure-based" underprivileged families.For example,the effect of assistance for"expenditure-based" families in povertycaused by disease is significant.However,there are certain problems,such as lack of a specific and unified social assistance systemtargeting all "expenditure-based" underprivileged families,insufficient funds for social assistance,difficulties in identification,undiversified assistance methods,shortage of assistance personnel,imperfect assistance platforms,which lead to a poor effect of implementing the social assistance for the "expenditure-based" underprivileged families in Nanjing.With regard to the problems in social assistance for the"expenditure-based" underprivileged families in Nanjing,this article introduces the supported,the entities,funds,assistance methods and implementation effects of social assistance in Australia,Japan and Korea.Itparticularly analyzes Centrelink,a social assistance service platform of Australia,the living protection system of Japan which changes the urban-rural dual structure,the "pure property" idea in the citizensubsistence allowancesystem of Korea.Nanjing can formulate a hierarchical and multi-form social assistance policy targeting the"expenditure-based" underprivileged families and establish a unified information service platform,by reference to their practices,and may enhance capitalinvestment in the assistance process and mobilize more social forces to participate in such work.