Research On Social Assistance Of Rural Expenditure Poor Families In Enshi Prefecture,Hubei Province

In 2020,with the smooth construction of a comprehensive well-off society,absolute poverty will be completely eliminated from Chinese history,but at the same time relative poverty has become a key issue of social concern.Although there is no specific definition of relative poverty in academic circles,there is a kind of expenditure type poverty group in China at present.Although their income is higher than the absolute poverty line,the rigid expenditure increases due to diseases,education or emergencies,and the actual living standard is lower than the minimum living standard.If they are not identified and rescued in time,they are likely to fall into the absolute poverty state.The construction of social assistance system for the expenditure poverty is also in its infancy.At this stage,in addition to several pilot cities such as Shanghai and Nanchang,the development of the expenditure poverty social assistance system has been explored.Other provinces and cities have not formed a special social assistance system for the expenditure-oriented poor,and the main objects of social assistance are still the "income oriented" poverty.Therefore,we should actively explore the characteristics and causes of the poor farmers,meet the needs of China’s national conditions to alleviate the relative poverty in the new era,and study the social assistance problems of the poverty in the new era,which is also the requirement of improving the social assistance system in the new era.Enshi Prefecture is located in the poverty-stricken areas of Wuling Mountain.It has a high incidence of poverty,a large number of poor people,a wide distribution area,complex poverty-causing factors and great difficulty in poverty alleviation.There are many poor groups due to illness,education and disaster,the social and economic development is backward,and the social assistance system is relatively single.With the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation strategy,the absolute poverty population in Enshi Prefecture has decreased rapidly,but the people are still facing many risk shocks,the ratio of expenditure poverty is high,and the risk of returning to absolute poverty is high.Therefore,in order to achieve stable and long-term poverty alleviation,it is necessary to analyze the current situation of poverty of expenditure poor farmers,the causes of poverty,the relief effect and problems of the current social assistance system,and formulate the governance measures for expenditure poverty.Based on the results of field research and current policies and methods in Enshi Prefecture,this paper uses the method of quantitative and field interviews to study the causes,characteristics,implementation effect and existing problems of the social assistance system for the expenditure poor farmers in Enshi Prefecture,Hubei Province.The results show that:(1)the incidence of expenditure poverty in Enshi Prefecture is 18.20%,and it has the characteristics of high medical expenditure,heavy education burden and more risks;(2)traffic accidents,major diseases and education burden are the direct inducements for farmers to fall into expenditure poverty,and family debt is the internal structural factor for farmers to fall into expenditure poverty;(3)according to the causes of poverty and poverty process The expenditure type of households in Enshi Prefecture can be divided into single cause sudden poverty families,single cause gradual poverty families,multi cause sudden poverty families and multi cause gradual poverty families,so the demand for social assistance is quite different;(4)only 17.56% of the identified expenditure type of poor households in Enshi Prefecture are assisted by social assistance,mainly by temporary assistance in case of sudden disaster,and the rest of the society The effect of poverty alleviation needs to be improved.(5)There are deficiencies in the identification,mechanism and implementation of the rural expenditure type social assistance system in Enshi Prefecture.Based on the above conclusions,the following policy suggestions are put forward:(1)simplify the access mode of rural expenditure poverty relief system in Enshi Prefecture;(2)clarify the scope of protection of rural expenditure poverty relief system in Enshi Prefecture;(3)optimize the implementation mechanism of rural expenditure poverty relief system in Enshi Prefecture,strengthen the supervision mechanism of social assistance,and actively introduce the third-party organizations to promote the development of relief system To give full play to the social service capacity of grass-roots village groups.