Satisfaction Study Of Migrant Workers From A Perspective Of Capabilities

As China's industrialization and urbanization process continues to advance,a large number of rural surplus labor force into cities.They contribute a lot to the urban construction and economic development and narrow the gap between urban and rural areas.However,they cannot enjoy with their contribution matched to the development of urban dividends,and become the vulnerable group during China's social development,called migrant workers.The long-term urban and rural household registration system,the lack of protection of relevant laws,equity inequality and other reasons,result in the existence of a serious social division between migrant workers and urban residents,which not only may affect the social stability,but also the quality of urban development.Concerned about the issues of migrant workers,in addition to economic indicators,their personal feelings should also be concerned about.In fact,the integration of migrant workers into the city and the low level of satisfaction,in addition to institutional factors,to a large extent are caused by the restrictions of their own ability and sense of rights and interests,so that they cannot adapt to the demand high quality and high skilled labor of urbanization development.Generally speaking,the frequent occurrence of migrant workers is because of their lack of capabilities,weak sense of rights and interests of maintenance,which results in the low degree of freedom and choices.Amartya Sen's Capability Approaches,points out that the poverty of capabilities will lead to the constraints of human real freedom and development,thus affecting the personal welfare and quality of life.This theory goes beyond the focus of traditional welfare economics on material welfare,especially highlighting the omnidirectional attention to the social vulnerable groups,providing a new perspective and theoretical support for solving the social problems of vulnerable groups in the aspects of development,integration,rights and so on.Therefore,based on the particularity of the objects of the research,considering the applicability of the theory,it is necessary to analyze and explain the Capability Approaches of Amartya Sen,which is also a possible innovation of this thesis-to provide a new perspective of satisfaction study.The question to be studied in this thesis is how the functionings that make up the capabilities of migrant workers affect their subjective quality of life,that is,the degree of satisfaction with life and work,so as to explore the measures to improve the migrant workers' survival status,their satisfaction and promote the coordinated development of economics and society.The empirical application of this theory has a high demand for the identification of migrant workers'capabilities and the amount of information in the data,which is also the most important and difficult problem in this thesis.On the whole,this thesis summarizes the domestic and foreign literature on the overall satisfaction,satisfaction of migrant workers and the Capability Approaches,analyzing the fusion path of the theory and the satisfaction research from the existing research,and then clarifies ideas and logic of the research.On the basis of this,the functionings of migrant workers were identified by the study of the list of existing capabilities and the relevant questions in the questionnaires of the Chinese Employer-Employee Survey 2016,and the status of the capabilities of migrant workers are discussed through descriptive analysis.The relevant and the causal relationship between the capabilities and satisfaction are analyzed through the empirical analysis of the correlation and regression,and the stability of the relationship between the two is analyzed by a group regression analysis of the new and old generations of migrant workers.Based on the discussion of the results of the model,it is found that the capabilities of economic conditions,social opportunities and health status can significantly improve the overall satisfaction of migrant workers,and the living conditions only have a significant impact on their life satisfaction,and the transparency guarantee only significantly affect their job satisfaction.The protective protection,maybe due to the lack of social security mechanism and the protection awareness of migrant workers and other reasons,has no impact on satisfaction.The results of the group analysis show that the economic conditions and health status have a greater impact on the satisfaction of the older generation of migrant workers,while the new generation of migrant workers is relatively more sensitive to social opportunities and housing conditions.Finally,the author puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on improving the satisfaction of migrant workers from the aspects of improving the health literacy,paying attention to the education and training,and strengthening the awareness of the rights and interests,and has carried on the reflection and the prospect to the research.