Research On The Ecological Migration Policy Under The Guidance Of Local Government

Since twenty-first Century,the damage to ecological environment due to economic growth and population growth,ecological environment in our country is facing severe test.Especially the degree of land desertification in Western China is serious,some areas are not suitable for human to live and survive.In order to alleviate the ecological pressure and improve the living conditions of people in vulnerable areas,the state began to implement ecological resettlement project in 2000.Urat Middle Banner is one of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region border counties,located in the northeast of Bayannaoer.The ecological environment in this area is fragile,the local farmers and herdsmen production and living are affected seriously.It has implemented Ecological Resettlement Project since 2001,to move the people from where not suitable for human production and living in the mountainous areas of farmers and herdsmen to surrounding towns and irrigation districts.On the one hand,the implement of resettlement project alleviates the ecological pressure,contributes to ecological restoration.On the other hand,it guides the immigrants to adjust industrial structure through policy,develops intensive economy in migration,improves the living conditions of farmers and herdsmen,and increases their revenues.In the process of immigration,the immigration policy that local government introduced provides guarantee to carry out migration work,such as through the conversion of farmland to forests,grazing and other projects to provide basic subsidies,through the policy that transfer of surplus labor and to reveal the social security policy to strengthen the basic life of farmers and herdsmen,through transforming mode to increase the income of farmers and herdsmen etc.The strong support of local government makes the effect of ecological migration project remarkable,but there are also some problems,such as weak industrial support policies causes the development of immigrant industry passive,social management of migrant village is not in place etc.This paper takes Urat Middle Banner as the study area,from the perspective of developing national economy and maintaining ecosystem,takes improving and enhancing the production and living standards of farmers and herdsmen as benchmark,analyses and inducts ecological immigration policy of Urat Middle Banner government,discovers the problem and finds out the cause of the problem,provides theoretical analysis and optimization recommendations to the implementation of Ecological Resettlement Project in the future.The full text is divided into five parts.The first two parts are introduction and ecological immigration's survey of Urat Middle Banner.It mainly introduces the background and significance of the topic,on the basis of drawing and learning from domestic and foreign research results,takes public policy analysis,industrial policy and administrative functions as theoretical basis,introduces thoroughly ecological immigration's survey of Urat Middle banner,immigration necessity and specific immigration process,by analyzing the effect of ecological migration,discusses the impact of ecological migration on social and economic development in the region.The third part is discussing about the ecological immigration policy in Utat Middle Banner.This part introduces that since Urat Middle banner implement ecological migration project;local governments implement the relocation policy focusing on different living groups.The fourth part discusses migration problem and analysis them.This section mainly talks the impact of local government implement industrial policies on the production and living of migrants,the author thinks that,local government in guiding the migration of industrial development,due to policy formulation and implementation is not in place,it causes that some industrial policies did not achieve the desired results.This part analyses through the case,finds the existing problems of Urat Middle Banner in the process of implementing the industrial policy,and expounds it production causes.The fifth part provides suggestions of optimizing immigration policy,this part is aimed at the existing problems of local government's industrial policies,and the author gives some optimizing suggestions from the aspects of financial assistance,technical training,social management and labor habits,and provides a reference for the local government to further improve the immigration.