Study On Ecological Migration Policy Performance From Perspective Of Farmers

Shangluo, Ankang and Hanzhong are not only the ecologically fragile and naturaldisaster-prone areas, but also the largest contiguous poverty-stricken areas in Shaanxiprovince. Shaanxi provincial government adopted the relocation and settlement master plan inSouthern Shaanxi in December2010, in which the government plans to move out2.4millionpeople one after another from the poor environmental and poor life area. Southern Shaanxirelocation and resettlement project was officially launched in2011, and a pilot project wascarried out. As a fundamental means to solve the symbiotic problem of ecological degradationand poverty, how the engineering involvement of Shaanxi ecological migration can affect thefamers’ income, income structure and famers’ self-development ability? How the currentrelocation mode and the amount of subsidies affect the accumulation of livelihood capital forthe relocated families? Especially in the early stages of the implementation of the project,objectively evaluating the effect and performance of the project based on the famers’perspective, putting forward some countermeasures and suggestions to further improve thepolicy system have a very important academic value and practical significance.The text is divided into a total of six chapters. The first chapter is an introduction toclarify the background of the southern Shaanxi ecological immigration policy based on thefarmers’ perspective, to review the research in this field at home and abroad, and to proposeresearch ideas in this article. The second chapter defines some related concepts and describesthe theoretical basis of ecological migration. The third chapter focuses on the southernShaanxi region’s natural conditions and ecological change, population change and economicdevelopment, and ends with a brief historical evolution and status of implementation ofecological migration in southern Shaanxi. The fourth chapter describes the data sources of thestudy, sample characteristics, and then use the panel data model to calculate the net effect offamers engineering participation in southern Shaanxi eco-migration. The fifth chapter aims tobuild farmers’ livelihood capital indicators based on the livelihood capital theory, to analyzehow the eco-migration influence famers’ livelihood capital and how the relocation mode andthe amount of subsidy do. The sixth chapter summarizes the conclusions of this study andmakes some policy recommendations. The main conclusions of this study are：（1）Participation in the Southern Shaanxi ecological migration project has obviouslypositive impact on the per capita net income, per capita wage income, and per capita ancillaryrevenue of rural household, however it has some negative impact on per capita farmingincome and per capita economic crop income of rural household.（2）Participation in the Southern Shaanxi ecological migration project has positiveimpact on the human capital, physical capital, financial capital and social capital of the ruralhousehold, but it has some negative impact on the natural capital of the rural household.（3）Compared with the rural household of scattered relocation, the financial capital andthe social capital of the household of centralized relocation are0.636unites and0.259uniteshigher, respectively. Also, the increased accumulation of physical capital is mainly due to theincrease of the government subsidies.