On Habermas’ Deliberative Democracy

In the process of industrialization, the western capitalist society was fettered by a kind of broken cultural spirit. That the rationalism culture prevailing became the alienated power that interpersonal interaction was based on the interest and that freedom as well as value were constrained, and the human beings, as the subject, did not emancipate themselves from the bondage of nature; in politics,the intrinsic "gene defect" highlighted by the separation and differentiation between representative democracy and liberal democracy in the practice of political democracy brought the democracy into an absolute realistic predicament. The cultural crisis of rationalism and the political crisis of being in the predicament were the outstanding and common contradictions in the capitalist society. In order to understand and reform the social reality as a whole, it must break through the obstacles of democratic politics and carry out a new democratic innovation. Based on the democratic ideas drawn from Rousseau,Kant, Weber and so on, Habermas putted forward the deliberative democracy model that emphasized the inter-subjectivity of human beings, which was established in the two major democratic model of democratization wave. The deliberative democracy of Habermas urged that, on the basis of principle of universal morality, citizens achieve consensus to form the informal opinions or wills through dialogues, communications,free debates in the living world of political public sphere; the formed opinions could be upgraded as legal laws through the assent and consent of formal organization,which has opened up a new path for human democracy.Currently,our country is in the crossing that the developing society is transformed to developed society. The road of transformation is full of interest disputes and numerous contradictions. Deliberative democracy model is of great practical significance for citizens to express their opinions on the basis of rational communication, to rebuild the harmonious interest relationship, to regulate the government power and civil rights, and to realize the discourse liberation of human beings.