A Study On Takeover And Management Of The Hangzhou's Newspapers By The Communist Party Of China,1949-1952

In April 1949,millions of the people's liberation army of China broke through the natural barrier produced by the Yangtze River and occupied the provinces in the south of the river.On May 3rd,Hangzhou was liberated.And the whole continent of Zhejiang was liberated in early July,Since the new local government in Zhejiang was established rapidly,,how to establish a newspapering system serves for the new regime on the basis of achieving the take-over and management of Hangzhou newspaper successfully?That had became an inevitable problem for the CCP Zhejiang Provincial Committee.After the liberation of Hangzhou,the Standing Committee of the CCP Zhejiang Provincial Committee focused on the construction of the local authorities in Zhejiang during the process of takeover and management of Hangzhou's newspapers.Its specific measures can be divided into two phases.The first phase was "express for Party,unify voices".At this stage,Zhejiang Province took over the newspapers of Nationalist Party,and created the Party's newspaper of Zhejiang Province.In order to ensure the smooth running of the party's newspaper and strengthen its role as a "mouthpiece".Zhejiang Province had adopted measures such as enriching,reorganizing and educating the newspaper staff,establishing the party newspaper committee,implementing the correspondent system,establishing a strict reviewing system which impute responsibilities to individual and reducing errors in the party's newspapers.At the meantime,according to the need of regime's founding,Zhejiang Province had also issued several public newspapers or private newspapers possessed by itself to assist the propaganda of the party's newspaper and serve the construction of the new regime.The management of private newspapers in Hangzhou had also been gradually regulated from the state of "hands off" to the requirement of registration,then to the restriction of its news source,news production and newspaper distribution(within the party system and the government system).By June 1950,there was no real privately-owned newspapers being public issued in Hangzhou,and the goal of "unifying voices." had been basically achieved.The second stage is the nationalization and institutionalization of newspaper management in Zhejiang Province.At this stage,in order to unifiedly manage the press and publication in the whole province,Zhejiang Province established the Press and Publication Office of Zhejiang Province according to the relevant provisions from the Central or East China Bureau,and ordered that the important news in this province should be releaseed in an unified method.And the general news should be published by the units set up a special press secretary response for press releases.Subsequently,according to the regulations of the East China Bureau,the Press and Publication Office of Zhejiang Province carried out a more detailed specification on the number of news agencies,posts and publications in the whole Province.In this process,the administrative authority of the newspapers which originally belonged to Zhejiang Province was gradually turned over by the East China Bureau Information Bureau or the Central News Agency.At the same time,Zhejiang Province rectified and regulated the area of newspaper distribution in Hangzhou in accordance with the instructions of the Central Government on "Integration of Post and Distribution",and the regulation of the East China Bureau on privately owned newspapers.All the private newspapers distribution agencies in Zhejiang Province had also been included in the unit management by Press and Publication Office,Trade and Industry Bureau,Public Security Bureau and other organs.The measures taken by the CCP to take over the newspaper in Hangzhou are not only the objective needs for establishing the temporal political environment and reshaping the authority of the state,but also the necessary and unified steps for the subsequent construction of socialism.Unlike people's original idea,the newspaper management's thinking mode highlighted behind it was not just only the result of the pursuit of the special ideology originating from the CCP.If we analyze the administration of newspapers in Hangzhou since modern times,we can easily find that almost every government had tried to control newspapers,but the degrees of realization were different.It is especially noteworthy that since the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan,the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China had very similar measures for news control in Hangzhou,but the results were totally different.Excluding the factors of the situation,the success of the CCP benefited greatly from its strong execution and the strictness of the design of its system.If we compare the CCP's takeover of the newspapers in Hangzhou with those in Shanghai,it is not difficult to find that the unity of the CCP's government decrees was very stong,but it also contained some local characteristics or flexibility in different execution environments.In addition,the CCP's takeover and management of the city's news newspapers has been the starting point for the management of the press newspapers of the People's Republic of China,which has an immeasurable impact on the future development of the concept of news management,policy and journalism.