The First Negotiation Between China And Japan In Modern Times-an Analysis Of The Event Of The Contract Between China And Japan And Japan's Invasion Of Taiwan

In modern times,due to the differences in the respective domestic environments and the inconsistence of development goals of China and Japan,the starting points for the exchange between China and Japan were very different.In the late Qing dynasty,China's domestic diplomacy was troubled,its ills grew up,its political system was rigid,it was difficult to forge ahead,and because the outside world was repeatedly oppressed by the powers,every action was greatly constrained by the powers.Therefore,China's overall national strategy in the late Qing Dynasty was inward and conservative.Although Japan experienced the same oppression as China,it actively adjusted its national strategy after the Meiji Restoration and tried its best to learn from Europe and the United States.It also formulated the "Mainland Policy" that aimed at aggression against North Korea and China.The national strategy of Japan is outgoing and pioneering.Japan entered into diplomatic ties with the Qing dynasty for the invasion of North Korea.This is the direct reason for the initial negotiations between China and Japan in modern times.The initial negotiations between China and Japan in the modern period included the two issues of the contract between China and Japan and Japan's invasion of Taiwan.The process of establishing a Sino-Japanese covenant is complicated.It was specifically composed of the four stages of the 1870 Japanese request China for a covenant,the 1871 Sino-Japanese negotiated treaty draft,the Japanese request for a change of contract in 1872,and the exchange of parties in 1873.The fundamental differences between the national conditions of the two countries in the Qing dynasty led to a completely different purpose for the two sides to contract: Japan treats the treaty as a springboard for aggression against North Korea,and the Qing government regards it as an effective means of uniting or defying Japan.With this in mind,the hard-line attitude of officials of the Qing government during the contracting process and the appearance of the Japanese ambassador's "words of empathy" are actually profound.It is also because of this that the outcome of the Sino-Japanese covenant,China-Japan Amendments to Regulations,is doomed to fail to maintain the friendship between the two countries.Less than one year after the exchange,Japan sent troops to invade Taiwan.Thismove completely shattered the original intention of the Qing government.In response to Japan's invasion of Taiwan,the Qing government actively responded.On the one hand,it dispatched troops to Taiwan to confront the Japanese army.On the other hand,it heatedly argued against Japanese envoys and completely fulfilled its responsibility for safeguarding national sovereignty.However,due to its own lack of strength,the Qing government also had to make concessions in negotiations and eventually signed a controversial Beijing Special Contract with Japan.The focus of the debate lies in whether the“people”(?)in the“Baomin Yiju”(????)includes the Ryukyu refugees.This directly relates to whether the Qing government had ruined the sovereignty of Ryukyu to Japan.In this article's opinion,the understanding between China and Japan is inconsistent:the Qing government does not consider it to be included,but Japan considers it to be included.Negotiations between China and Japan,especially Japan's invasion of Taiwan,have had a significant impact on the Qing government.It has been embodied in three aspects:First,it has strengthened the sense of sovereignty over Taiwan;Second,it has changed the concept of Japan and began to Preparedness;Third,recognize the weakness of coast defense and actively prepare coast defense.