Rural Hollowness And Its Influence Factors In The Context Of County Urbanization

The Anding District of Dingxi City,Gansu Province is located in the hilly and gully region of the Loess Plateau.It is located in the ecological transition zone of the West Qinling-Loess Plateau-Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and is the political,economic,and cultural center of Dingxi City.The urbanization of the region and the hollowing out of the rural areas have developed rapidly.The analysis of the process of hollowing out the countryside and its influencing factors has become a new hot spot.Based on remote sensing image interpretation data,socio-economic statistics,surveys,and interview data,this paper uses county comprehensive evaluation models,spatial analysis,and cluster analysis to analyze the time-spatial change of urbanization in the county of Anding District from 1990 to 2015,and research the present situation and influencing factors of rural hollowness.The main findings are as follows:(1)The urbanization level of Anding District continues to increase,and the growth rate is significant from 2006 to 2015.The population urbanization,social urbanization,and economic urbanization of the Anding District are all increasing,but the population urbanization and social urbanization are slowly increasing,and the level of economic urbanization has increased significantly.(2)Between 2005 and 2015,cultivated land and construction land were the dominant land types in urban areas.In the past 10 years,the cultivated land has been actively transformed,and the relocated amount is 22.683 km~2.It has mainly been converted into construction land and grassland.It is mainly distributed in the new administrative section of the Anding District.Grassland,construction land,and roads have been transferred in a large number.The amount of land transferred is 6.377 km~2.13.744km~2 and 3.434km~2 respectively.(3)During the period of 1995-2005,the population growth rate slowed down significantly,and the population density growth area showed an“inverted Y type”,From2005 to 2015,the population growth rate rebounded,but it was still relatively moderate,and the period of population density growth showed a“mass type”.During the study period,the area of construction land also showed an increasing trend.In the spatial settlement,the construction land gradually gathered to the low altitude and river valley areas,and the scale continued to expand,with sporadic distribution to strips and even surface mass distribution.Analyze the characteristics of population density and construction land,it can be concluded that there is rural hollowness in the Anding District,and the development process of rural hollownesscanbedividedintostable,undulating,sustaineddevelopment,semi-development,semi-attenuation and continuous attenuation type.The rural hollowness in the Anding District is relatively common and can be divided into three types:export migration,migratory bird migration and village shrinkage.The average occurrence ratio of output migration is 18.37%,and the average proportion of migratory birds is 35.66%.(4)In the rural area of Anding District,there is an aging population,and the gender ratio is imbalanced.The level of adult education in the region is limited,and men's education is higher than that of women,and the number of highly educated people gradually increases.Decline in rural education places,poor medical and health conditions,and cultural heritage have improved,and road traffic conditions have gradually improved.The situation of rural poverty in the Anding District is severe,and it affects the hollowing out of rural areas to some extent.(5)This chapter summarizes the factors that affect the rural hollowness in the Anding District based on theoretical judgments.There are five major categories and 18sub-categories of factors of factors.The ranking results of the five major categories of influencing factors are:family economic conditions>government policy support>comprehensive resource requirements>geographical location>relocation of neighbors.The ranking results of the 18 sub-categories are:increased income from working outside the home>changes in family population>inefficient agricultural production>willingness to work from a far>relocation of poverty-stricken areas=renovation of dilapidated buildings=new rural construction>transportation resources>educational resources>medical and health resources>hydro-power resources>traffic road conditions>environmental pollution>topography>disasters>family organization relations>neighborhood relations>comparisons.