The Research On Influencing Factors Of Throwing And Catching Backflip In Skilled Cheerleading

Cheerleading was recognized as an official sport publicly by National Federation in May2013. Compared with some other countries, it was spread relatively late in China.However,cheerleading has developed extremely fast in China since 2001. Instead of merely being regarded as pure sport performance in the past, nowadays, there are hundreds of cheerleading competitions held annually. Currently, cheerleading is mainly divided into two parts, which are skilled cheerleading and dance cheerleading. In addition, skilled cheerleading has more sport characteristics than dance cheerleading.Furthermore, there are five elements in a set of completed cheerleading action, which are slogan, lift, throwing and catching, and backflip as well as pyramid and dance, respectively.Normally, the strength of a team is reflected by using these five elements that we mentioned above in competitions. Additionally, lift, throwing and catching as well as pyramid are indispensable elements in cheerleading, especially, throwing and catching has great attractiveness and risks. Furthermore, in Cheerleading Competition Rules(2014 Edition),throwing and catching backflip is in the level six in degree of difficulty, which is regarded as a turning point between hard to super hard. In other words, it represents a breakthrough of degree of difficulty in cheerleading for a team.According to the statistics from previous research on cheerleading teams, skilled cheerleading teams only accounts for 10% of the total. Moreover, there are only 11 teams are able to above the standards of level five. In those teams, people who have skills-based training, such as somersault and gymnastics, are even less. Majority of athletes who work on cheerleading are zero bases, so it is very hard for them to learning cheerleading at the beginning. However, there is little research in terms of cheerleading in China; therefore,practitioners could find few resources to consult. In this article, through analyzing the influencing factors that affect on throwing and catching backflip in skilled cheerleading for zero bases athletes, people are able to find out the key points and difficulty points of completing cheerleading actions. Based on those analyses, people could figure out relevant solutions, which could provide theoretical statistics for the further training. People could realize the correctness and feasibility of actions and optimize those actions in order to provide more data and make a systematized training system for further training.Through doing research into physical quality, psychological quality, sport technique and team cohesion of zero bases cheerleading students by utilizing different methods, such as using literature, questionnaire, interview, observation and logical analysis method, we couldget four outcomes. First, power, speed, flexibility and coordination are four main factors that influence on athletes' physical quality. Second, from perspective of psychological quality, the factor that impels athletes to complete actions is dynamic. Third, the track, time, rhythm and strength of actions are four crucial elements that constitute a completed action. Fourth, based on analysis of team cohesion, shared goals, common interests, team stability and complementary personalities are considered as key elements that affect on action completion.In order to complete throwing and catching backflips in a safer way and improve degree of difficulity of cheerleading in China, there are four main steps we need to abide by. First, it is important to enhance practice of backflip and know its relevant key points. Second, it is necessary to distinguish the physical quality difference of each student. Third, teachers need to help students to conquer mental troubles step by step. Fourth, athletes ought to utilize team cohesion and cheerleading sprit appropriately in the sake to solve the problem in throwing and catching backflips and perfect the action.The significance of this article is to find out the key points and difficulties of completing throwing and catching backflips by using interviews and questionnaire methods, and practical experiences. The outcome of this article is able to offer a reference to athletes to finish this action as well as provide a safer, more effective training approaches and guidance suggestion for skilled cheerleading team to make a breakthrough in degree of difficulty of the movement.Furthermore, it could also impel the development of degree of difficulty of Chinese skilled cheerleading movements and make contribution to helping athletes to get a better performance in sport competitions.