Analysis On The Spatial Difference Of Higher Education In Liaoning Province

with serious brain drain problem and population structure deterioration,The speed of economic growth in Liaoning province has significant declined since 2014.Liaoning province lags behind the whole national level in transformation,upgrading of the industrial structure,Momentum of Opening-Up and other aspects.The economic and social situation in Liaoning province at the present stage can not be compared with the initial prosperity.While Reform and opening up policy has been implemented nearly forty years,Liaoning province has great progress in economy and society.We need to change this backward situation,realize the transformation of industrial structure and develop the emerging industries since Liaoning is playing a significant role in Revitalizing northeast old industrial base.We need to cultivate the high quality talents what the economic development needed,we need to rely on science and education,and take the development of Higher Education into account,which can make the output of higher education to promote the economic recovery.If we can promote the level of higher education and economic development into a virtuous cycle and reduce brain drain in this way,The government will has more power to support emerging industries.Nowadays,the researches of higher education are mainly based on the coefficient of variation,the Gene coefficient,the Theil index,and location quotient in the academic circles,however,these research methods are all lacking of spatial perspective,which assume that there is no connection between the spaces,and all elements are able to flow between the regions thoroughly.Or they ignore the element-flow in spaces,and only make statistical analysis of the data,thus they may neglect the important role of spatial factors in the process of resource allocation.Compared with the traditional methods,Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis(ESDA)always takes the spatial geography into account,It can visualize the spatial autocorrelation of higher education in Liaoning province through the establishment of spatial weight matrix,and make problems and defects more obvious,which has significant advantages.Based on the spatial perspective,this paper starts with the spatial difference of higher education in Liaoning province,combined with the traditional research methods and Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis,and explored the higher education in liaoning province deeply.The author chose the indexes from quality,quantity and funds,and made these indicators non dimensional by the extreme standardization method to established the index evaluation system of higher education in Liaoning province.Then using of SPSS cluster analysis,absolute value,variation coefficient,global spatial autocorrelation test,and local spatial autocorrelation test,to explore the distribution of higher education resources in Liaoning province,which can find out the problems and reasons of the higher education resources allocation in Liaoning province,so it is useful to put forward the corresponding policy recommendations,making the higher education of Liaoning province to carry forward the advantages and to make up for the disadvantages,which adapt to the need of the development of economy and society.At first,the author started from the higher education environment and development of Liaoning Province,then summarized the economic strength and the basic situation of higher education in Liaoning province,which let readers have a preliminary understanding of the distribution of higher education in the three major economic zones of Liaoning Province.Based on these jobs,firstly,the author operated a cluster analysis on the higher education and economy,to explore whether higher education and the economy have achieved a "linkage" development.Secondly,through the grasp of the overall situation of higher education in Liaoning province,the author adopt the method of coefficient of variation from the absolute number,the sub indicators,and comprehensive indicators to explore the dispersion degree of higher education in Liaoning Province.Thirdly,due to the defects of traditional indicators,the author deduced the spatial agglomeration of higher education in Liaoning province visually by Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis.In summary,from the traditional indicators to the spatial analysis method,and from the overall situation to the internal differences,this paper constructed the logical system and the whole framework of the research on the spatial difference of higher education in Liaoning province.Empirical research shows that the spatial difference of higher education in Liaoning province is decreasing,but there is still a big difference between cities,Shenyang and Dalian have the best level of higher education,but other cities lag behind them.Analysis based on ESDA indicated that the distribution of higher education in Liaoning province shows a clear polarization effect,which explained the the differences of higher education in Liaoning province from the spatial perspective.Finally,because of the specialty of higher education,this paper analyzed the additional reasons from the aspects of policy,economy,history and location,then offered some suggestions such as strengthen policy dynamics,establish the secondary growth pole of higher education and so on.On the perspective and method of higher education in Liaoning province,this paper constructed the index evaluation system of higher education through the extreme standardization method,combined the traditional index and space method and applied to higher education in Liaoning Province,it provided a new perspective for the research of regional higher education,which has a certain theoretical innovation.The deficiency of this paper lies in the fact that it has less sub indicators,and the access to the provincial higher education data can only be achieved through statistical yearbook of education,but the education statistical yearbook has low-speed of update,and didn't preserved reasonably,which caused many years of education data missing,so it is difficult to carry out the vertical comparison of higher education in Liaoning province.