| Since the enlargement of colleges and universities in the 1990s,higher education has been in the strategic position of giving priority to development,and has entered a relatively stable and orderly stage of development,and has made a series of important achievements:the scale of education has been expanding,The construction of the infrastructure has been gradually improved,the education system has been gradually improved,the quality of education has been improved,the supply of talents and the ability of scientific research innovation have been greatly enhanced.The international exchanges of higher education have become increasingly frequent and the increasingly active academic exchanges have witnessed the development of China's education.Also recognized by the international community.Therefore,the development of China's higher education with the economic development of the good,has also entered the development of the fast lane.According to the National Education Development Statistics Bulletin of 2015,China's higher education gross enrollment rate has reached 40.0%.It can be seen that China's higher education has completed the transition from elite higher education to popular higher education.However,there are many problems in the process of rapid development of higher education,especially the gap between the development level of higher education in different regions is gradually widening.Therefore,under the background of building a harmonious socialist society,we can understand the spatial distribution characteristics of Chinese higher education and identify the main factors that affect the development of higher education in China.It is of great significance to optimize the spatial distribution pattern of higher education,narrow the spatial gap and promote the coordinated development of higher education.The problem of balanced development of higher education has long been the focus of government and related scholars.By constructing the index system which reflects the present situation and characteristics of higher education,this paper introduces the spatial factors into the research,and uses ESDA technology and CSDA technology in spatial measurement method to analyze Spatial Dynamic Evolution of Provincial Higher Education and Its Influencing Factors.First of all,the paper chooses the index from the four dimensions of education scale,capital investment,infrastructure construction and teacher power,and uses the entropy method to combine the four dimensions to construct the index of China's higher education development.And then analyzes the imbalanced development of higher education in China from four perspectives:education scale,capital investment,infrastructure construction and teacher power.The results show that the gap between the education scale,the investment,the infrastructure construction and the teachers is relatively large,and the non-equilibrium status of the higher education region is more prominent.Secondly,we use ESDA method to study the spatial pattern of Chinese higher education.The results show that the global autocorrelation shows that the Moran's I index of the higher education in our country is significantly larger than that in the study period,and the spatial positive effect is obvious,which indicates that the spatial distribution of higher education in China is relatively concentrated and To strengthen the trend.Local self-correlation,through the LISA agglomeration map and scatter plot found that China's high education area is mainly concentrated in Beijing,Tianjin,Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Shanghai and other economically developed eastern provinces,the scope of the gradual expansion of the trend,indicating that China's higher The spatial radiation effect of educational high value area is becoming more and more obvious.The low value area is "massive" in the western part of China,mainly concentrated in Xinjiang,Tibet,Gansu,Qinghai and other provinces,and the same occurrence of space proximity effect.Through the spatial projection differentiation analysis,it is found that the development of higher education in the east and west direction shows that the higher education in the east is better than that of the west.The development level of higher education in the regional central area is relatively high,and the development level of higher education in the marginal areas is relatively low.In the southwest-northeast direction and the northwest-southeast direction,the development of higher education is relatively high.Showing the inverted "U" shape,indicating that the central region of higher education development level.In general,the level of higher education in the central and eastern areas is higher than that in the southwest,northeast and northwest regions.Spatial module analysis found that 2006 and 2010 compared to little change,in addition to Shanxi Province from the third level down to the fourth level,the remaining provincial level has not changed,and by 2015,the situation has changed greatly,The development of higher education has improved in different degrees.Central Henan,southwest of Sichuan have entered the second level,the central Shanxi and southwest of Yunnan by the fourth level into the third level.Through the spatial geography distribution analysis,it is found that the distribution of the average center,the economic center and the higher education center is inconsistent and the degree of deviation is large,which shows that the development of the region is unbalanced.And to the southward shift of the Higher Education Center in 2015,indicating that the level of higher education development in the south is gradually higher than that of the north.In general,the gap between provincial and ministerial level is gradually widening and the imbalance is becoming more and more obvious.Finally,the paper explores the causes of spatial differentiation of Chinese higher education by establishing spatial regression model from three aspects:economic policy dimension,population factor dimension and traffic location dimension through confirmatory spatial data analysis(CSDA).The results show that the spatial error model has the best effect on the result of economic policy dimension.(TG)and the total investment in fixed assets(EFA)have a significant spatial positive effect,which shows that it has a positive impact on the development of higher education in each province of China The While the local government education financial expenditure(PE)has been proved that there is no significant spatial positive effect.In the population factor dimension,the regression analysis results of the spatial lag model are satisfactory.(EP)and the number of years of education(RJEDU)have obvious spatial positive effects,indicating that the number of education practitioners and the quality of the population are indispensable factors to promote the development of higher education.The spatial error model has better fitting effect on the traffic location dimension.The impact of railway network density(WAY)and urbanization(URBAN)on the development of higher education is significant,and there is also a significant spatial positive effect. |
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