| Education is a national measure,but also people's livelihood.Compulsory education is a top priority in education.In 2016,at the standing conference of the State Council,Premier Li Keqiang emphasized:Letting the people enjoy fair and compulsory education is an important guarantee for building socialism and realizing the goal of common prosperity for the people.Since the reform and opening up,China's compulsory education has made leaps and bounds.By 2011,China has basically achieved its goal of popularizing compulsory education nationwide.However,we can clearly see that at present the popularization of compulsory education in our country is still low,incomplete and unstable.The development of compulsory education in our country still faces such problems as the low level of development and the uneven development.In the new period,the state has set new demands on the development of compulsory education.In 2010,the State Council promulgated the Outline of the National Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan(2010-2020),which clearly put forward that by 2020 it is necessary to raise the standard of popularization of compulsory education in an all-round way,comprehensively improve the quality of compulsory education and basically realize the obligations in the region Balanced development of education.Therefore,the author analyzes the development and changes of compulsory education in various regions in our country,studies the spatial distribution and relevance of compulsory education in our country,finds out the problems existing in the development of compulsory education in our country,and achieves a balanced and sustainable compulsory education in our country It is of great significance to develop,improve the quality of compulsory education and construct a harmonious socialist society.Based on the development environment and current situation of compulsory education in the three major regions of east,west and east China,this paper gives a general overview of the economic strength and the development of compulsory education in the eastern,central and western regions of our country so that readers can make an overall analysis on the development of compulsory education in our country in recent years.Have a preliminary understanding.Based on this,we will make a comprehensive measure of the level of development of compulsory education in our country.Ten representative indicators are selected from the four dimensions of schooling conditions,education funds,education opportunities and teachers' strength in the compulsory education stage.After standardizing the indicators,we use the global principal component analysis(SPSS 20.0)to analyze the data quantitatively,and we can find out the comprehensive development level and development trend of compulsory education across the country.Further,taking into account the importance of space factors in the allocation of resources for compulsory education,we use ESDA exploratory spatial data method based on principal component analysis and study the spatial distribution of compulsory education in China with GeoDa 1.6.5 software to explore China's compulsory education Spatial correlation of distribution.After empirical research,from the principal component analysis can be drawn,first of all,the overall point of view,in recent years,the province's compulsory education in all provinces showed an upward trend in the overall score,proving that compulsory education in recent years the school conditions have greatly improved,Significantly improve the level of teacher resources,students can be guaranteed access to education,China's compulsory education has made great strides.In the second subregion,the development level of compulsory education in east,middle and west China is quite different,and the problem of unbalanced compulsory education is prominent.The overall level of development of compulsory education in the eastern region is high,and the overall level of compulsory education in the central and western regions lags behind.Finally,judging from the public factors extracted from the principal component analysis,the conditions of running a school,the factors of educational quality,and the factors of educational opportunities are the main factors that affect the level of compulsory education.The variance contribution rates of the three factors were 0.522,0.259 and 0.095,respectively.It can be seen that the condition of running school has the greatest contribution to the comprehensive score of compulsory education.Compulsory education development in the top ten scores were Guangdong,Shandong,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Beijing,Shanghai,Hebei,Henan,Hunan and Sichuan.According to the results of ESDA analysis,the global autocorrelation test of Global Moran's I is greater than 0,which proves that there is a strong autocorrelation in the development of compulsory education in our country and the mutual influence among the neighboring provinces is significant.From a local perspective,compulsory education has obvious spatial agglomeration in the region.Most provinces in our country are concentrated in H-H agglomeration and L-L agglomeration,with more spatial heterogeneity than in heterogeneity.As can be seen from the analysis of the spatial quadrant,compulsory education is mainly developed in the eastern coastal areas,forming an H-H agglomeration area with a strong spillover effect in the region,which can promote the development of compulsory education in neighboring provinces.In these regions,the economy is strong,with sufficient financial resources to support the development of compulsory education and to attract outstanding educators.L-L concentration area is mainly concentrated in western China.In these areas,the economy is relatively backward and inaccessible,and the investment in education is relatively inadequate.Overall,the level of development of compulsory education in our country shows a clear trend of decreasing from east to west,and the gap between the development of compulsory education in eastern and western regions is very serious.At the end of this article,some policy recommendations are put forward based on the present situation and the spatial distribution of compulsory education in our country.First,the development of compulsory education in our country needs the government to promote and strengthen the guidance of policies and carry out the compulsory education development plan according to local conditions.Second,governments at all levels should increase their funding for compulsory education,improve conditions for running schools and teachers in compulsory education in underdeveloped regions,and promote the construction of standardized schools.Thirdly,we should strengthen economic construction in underdeveloped areas,promote the development of compulsory education and deepen the exchange and cooperation in compulsory education among different regions.Finally,it is suggested that the development of compulsory education should avoid "egalitarianism" in the development direction of compulsory education in our country,the allocation of educational resources should be reasonably optimized and the construction of supervision and evaluation mechanism should be strengthened during the balanced development of compulsory education. |
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