Research On Jianghua Yao Autonomous County Rural Settlements Optimization Under The Background Of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Strategy

At present,there are still more than 40 million impoverished people in China,who have a wide distribution and a poor level of poverty.The transformation development of poverty-stricken regions and the livelihoods improvement of impoverished rural households are directly related to comprehensive realization the grand goal of building moderately prosperous society in 2020.With the implementation of precision poverty alleviation policies,the social economy in poverty-stricken regions has been developed.Jianghua Yao autonomous county is Yongzhou City,Hunan Province under the jurisdiction of the county.It is located at the junction of three regions which are Hunan,Guangdong and Guangxi provinces.It is a national poverty-stricken counties,Yao nationality residence,the old revolutionary base,showing early-liberated,minority nationality,border and poor feature.It has distinctive settlements.In the past three years,precision poverty alleviation has achieved remarkable results.Taking Jianghua Yao autonomous county as study unit,studying the characteristics and optimization control measures of rural settlement under the background of targeted poverty alleviation strategy will make contributions to sustainable development of poverty-stricken regions in Hunan province and even in China.Based on the analysis of the relationship between the precise poverty alleviation strategy and rural settlement,the paper use the land use status data,DEM data,road traffic data,socio-economic statistics and survey data in 2015.After the steps such as the extraction of the rural settlement layer,the superposition of the terrain data,the methods of kernel density estimation,buffer analysis and landscape index analysis were used to analyze the situation of the county Settlement characteristics and influencing factors.The questionnaire survey was used to investigate the production and life of the poor population.Base on the actual situation of rural settlements,find out the existing problems.Combined with the effectiveness of Jianghua precision poverty alleviation,the part explores the impact of precision poverty alleviation policy on Jianghua rural settlement,and finally put forward the appropriate poverty alleviation background corresponding optimization strategy.Some conclusions are drawn as follows.(1)There is a mutual influence and interaction between precise poverty alleviation strategy and rural settlement.Precise poverty alleviation has an impact on the location,shape,industry,environment,culture and people life quality of rural settlement.At the same time,the degree of development of rural settlements also affects the effectiveness of precision poverty alleviation.(2)Location of rural settlement in Jianghua Yao autonomous County is more impacted by the terrain and rivers.But with the socio-economic development,traffic factor on its impact is more and more obvious.Settlement scale of the western hilly area is larger than the eastern and central mountainous areas'.The high density areas are mainly concentrated in the southeast and the nearby county,while the scattered areas are in other regions.The types of settlements are diverse,including resettlement settlements,traditional settlements,town settlements.Settlement patterns are grouped,ribbon,dotted,fan-shaped.Factors affecting the spatial distribution of rural settlements have geology and geomorphology,rivers,transportation,traditional culture,large water conservancy construction,and policy.(3)The impact of precision poverty alleviation policy on the rural resettlement of Jianghua Yao Autonomous County includes the rational layout of rural settlements,the integration of rural settlement spatial form,the upgrading of industry,the protection of traditional culture,the harmonious ecological environment,the improvement of living quality.Precision poverty alleviation policy makes social,economic and space changes of rural settlement in Jianghua Yao Autonomous county.(4)The rural settlements of Jianghua Yao Autonomous County have some problems,such as the weak external relations,the lacking public service facilities,the scattered spatial layout,and the lagging economy.It is suggested that optimization should be carried out from the aspects of settlement system,industry,infrastructure,resource utilization,the ecological environment and mechanism,in order to promote the sustainable development of rural settlements in the context of precision poverty alleviation.