Transformation Of Fengtian Educational In The Late Qing Dynasty

The transition of Fengtian education in the late Qing Dynasty was part of the overall social transformation in the late Qing Dynasty,and its transformation was inseparable from the great social background,but it also had its own characteristics under the trend.Northeast China Region is the birthplace of Manchu land,Fengtian as the ‘auxiliary capital' of Qing Dynasty got certain attention on education,then with the middle and late Han Chinese immigrants continue to enter the region,the private school rose at the same time,the official school showed a declining trend.Time to the late Qing Dynasty,the country is gradually declining,in the face of domestic trouble and foreign invasion situation,the Qing government to implemented the new deal to power,"newlearning" is presented as one of the important content of the new deal,in twenty-nine years of Guangxu(1903)to develop "new educational system",promulgated "played the scheduled charter school",and in thirty-one years of Guangxu(1905)the abolition of the imperial examination.Since sixteen years of Guangxu(1890),the threat of Japanese and Russian forces appeared in the Fengtian region,many places suffered the frequent war,especially after the Sino-Japanese War,War of Gengzi and Russo-Japanese War,all that has been left undone is to be done.The missionaries implement the cultural infiltrationthrough the opening of the church and the church school at the Fengtian area.Not until the implementation of the New Deal in the late Qing Dynasty,the end of the Russo-Japanese war and the abolition of the imperial examination system,had it became an opportunity of Fengtian education to start formal transformation.After the Russo-Japanese War,Fengtian area established various types of schools at all levels,while focusing on national education at the same time,the training of professionals is also carried out simultaneously,'new learning' achieved some results.But the transition is not a simple replacement of the 'new learning' to the 'oldlearning',but a constantly adjustment process of thelocal social system,and the new academic system is based on the Western academic system,so there is not only the adjustment of system and local society,but also the adjustment of Chinese and Westernculture.These complex social factors,result in a variety of discomfort phenomenon in the adjust and accommodate process,social conflicts stand out gradually,schools and social chaos constantly appear,especially the idea and social actions of student groups gradually detached from the schools' and local governments' control.Finally,in the complex social environment,student groups cultivated by the 'new learning'standat the opposite position of the Qing government,the social structure and social culture of Fengtian area changed obviously after the appearance of 'new learning'.The transformation of Fengtian education in the late Qing Dynasty was promoted by various social forces in the unique historical background,and the result of this period affected the mode of development,direction and connotation of Fengtian education.This article tries to present the complexity of the Fengtian education transition in the late Qing Dynasty mainly by a vertical history retrospect and the horizontal in-depth research.From the perspective of the transition of the Fengtian education in the late Qing Dynasty,the complexity of the institutional and social changes in the Northeast China Region of modern times can be seen,all these can be seen as an aspect of comprehensive understanding of modern Chinese society that we can effort on.