| Social capital as the connotative resource of social structure,whose most important part is the social trust,reciprocity norms and citizen participation network.It can help individuals or groups obtain social support and social resources,effectively maintaining the consistency of organizational action,promoting cooperative action and improving social benefits.Rural kindergartens through cooperation with the village may have an impact on the village social capital,thus showing the other side of rural pre-school education.This study explores the influence of rural kindergartens on social capital in rural areas from the perspective of social capital,reveals the path of rural kindergartens affecting village social capital,and tries to reinterpret the function of rural pre-school education from the perspective of social capital.In this study,12 rural kindergartens in Anji County of Zhejiang Province were selected as the research object.And the quantitative data and relevant qualitative data were obtained from rural social capital affected by rural kindergarten with the questionnaire and in-depth interviews.On the basis of the literature review and the policy text analysis,the overall framework and the specific items of the questionnaire are determined.After the expert validity evaluation is adopted,the pre-questionnaire is formed.And it consists of 38 items,constituted by five dimensions:the social network,the participation,the norm,the trust and the sence of belonging.In order to build the formal questionnaire,the study make the item analysis and exploratory factor analysis to the pre-questionnaire.A sample of 2,500 villagers was tested,and a sample of 2065 is valid,the effective recovery rate was 82.6%.The internal consistency coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.953(The pre-questionnaire is 0.922.),and the correlation between the five dimensions was between 0.516-0.640(p<0.01),it can explain the variance of 67.69%,All of these show the questionnaire’s good content validity and structural validity.Based on the analysis and discussion of the formal questionnaire data,the following concusion are draw frow this study:(一)The rural social capital is divided into 3,89,which indicates that the rural kindergarten has a high positive effect on the accumulation of social capital in the village.In the five first level dimensions:(1)The norm dimension has the highest level of 4.13 points,which indicates that the rural kindergarten has a strong impact on the village norm.(2)The sence of belonging dimension score is 4.02 points,which indicates that the rural kindergarten has a moderate or higher level of belonging to the village.(3)The trust dimension is divided into 3.99,which shows that the rural kindergarten has a certain positive impact on the village trust.(4)The score of social network dimension is 3.96,which indicates that the rural kindergarten has played a positive role in the expansion of the villagers’social network.(5)The participation has the lowest score of 3.76,which means that the rural kindergarten has a positive effect on the villagers’ joining in the countryside’ affairs.(二)The impact that the rural kindergarten has on the rural social capital is as follows:(1)In the norm dimension,the rural kindergarten has the same effect on the formal and informal norms of the village,both of which are 4.13 points.Game teaching gets the highest points of 4.20,which indicates that the obvious impact of the rural kindergarten on the village of various norms.(2)In the sense of belonging dimension,affected by the rural kindergarten,the strongest sence of belonging to the"rural kindergarten" score 4.12,while the sence of belonging to "villagers group" score 3.95.It indicates that the rural kindergarten won the villagers recognition and love,but the villagers group’s sense of belonging to the weak.(3)In the trust dimension,the villagers’ special trust score is the highest,4.05 points,the system trust and the general trust are slightly lower,both of them are 3.90 points,indicating that the rural kindergarten has a positive influence on the trust between the villagers and their neighbors and friends.The influence of the trust of the villagers and the general villagers is small.(4)In the dimension of social network,the rural kindergarten has a greater impact on the expansion of the functional organization betwween the kindergarten and the families,with a higher score of 4.11 points and less impact on the villagers’ general interpersonal relationship which is 3.84.(5)In the participation dimension,the rural kindergarten has a strong influence on the villagers’participation in the village public welfare activities and the score is 3.86,the villagers’participation in political affairs is weak,its score is 3.69.(三)Based on the impact the rual kindergarten has on the rural social capital,we find rural pre-school education has five functions from the perspective of social captial:(1)first,rural pre-school education has the function of affecting the formation of village social network;(2)second,rural pre-school education affects the villagers to participate in various types of village affairs;(3)third,rural pre-school education has an impact on the norm;(4)fourth,rural pre-school education has the function of influencing the cultivation of village trust;(5)fifth,rural pre-school education has the function of influencing the formation of village sense of belonging.(四)Based on the present situation and shortcomings about rural kindergartens affecting the rural social capital,in order to make the rural kindergarten to increase the village social capital then help the rural governance,this study puts forward the following suggestions:first,we will fully support the rural kindergarten in the village social relations network,standard recognition and compliance,trust cultivation,sense of belonging and villagers to participate in village affairs strong influence,cultivate a new village based kindergarten village leading,The village to trust the main channel,the village belongs to a sense of the main source of power,the villagers to participate in village affairs of the new ways to convey the village governance of the positive energy;second,to enhance rural kindergartens in the village network of social relations,norms and compliance,The development of trust,the formation of a sense of belonging and the weak influence of the villagers’ participation in village affairs,the expansion of a variety of rural social networks under the influence of kindergartens,the cultivation of various other norms,Domain ownership of a variety of new channels,based on kindergartens to expand the villagers to participate in village affairs of the various ways. |
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