| In recent years,global warming is becoming more and more serious,the government in different countries has put forward a series of measures to reduce carbon emissions,now the European Union Emission Trading System is relatively perfect and it is also the largest carbon emissions trading market in the world.The UE Trading System has made a great contribution to reducing carbon emissions by restricting the carbon emissions of various enterprises.As the country which has the most carbon emissions,China is also constantly exploring the way to reduce carbon emissions.In October 2011,the national development and reform commission decided to develop Carbon trading pilot in seven provinces and cities,including Beijing and Shanghai and so on.The emission reduction policy package has been issued in the pilot areas since 2013,and it shows that the government in implementing carbon emissions quota policy has become a trend.Emission reduction policy not only affects the production decision-making of a single enterprise,but also affects the operating performance of a supply chain.However,the carbon trading market is not perfect in our country at present stage,and it is necessary to study the other ways to reduce emissions.According to this background,with considering the two stage supply chain which is composed by manufacturers and suppliers,this paper studied the carbon emissions quota sharing mechanism between supply chain enterprises under the carbon emissions policy.First of all,a comprehensive model of the supply chain was established under the carbon emissions quota,and the paper studied the influences of carbon emissions quotas for supply chain.Results show that when the carbon emissions quota of both sides of the supply chain is plentiful,the production behavior of the two was not limited by carbon caps,and the supply price,quantity,and their profit is decided by the market.After the government implements the carbon emissions quota policy,carbon emissions quota of the supply chain is insufficient,then supply price,quantity,and their profit is affected by the government ‘s penalty.On the basis of this,the trading model of supply chain under the restriction of carbon emissions is established,and the paper studied the sharing mechanism of residual carbon emissions quota between supply chain enterprises,and compared it with the mechanism of no sharing.Studies show that when the residual carbon quotaswhich is shared by manufacturers can meet the needs of suppliers,the sharing mechanism can reduce the transaction price,the number of deals and profit increase,and the operation performance of supply chain was improved;while when the residual carbon emissions quotas which is shared by manufacturers cannot meet the needs of suppliers,in instead,the market price raised,the number of transactions decreased,and the sharing mechanism is invalid.Finally,with considering the carbon reduction processing ability of the enterprise,the paper set up a free sharing mechanism model and a paid sharing mechanism model between supply chain enterprises,and compared the trading price,trading quantity,the effort level in reducing carbon emissions and the profit of the two under the two kinds of mechanisms.Study shows that comparing with the free sharing mechanism,after the supply chain implements the paid sharing mechanism,the optimal supply price of suppliers raised,the manufacturers' optimal quantity and the optimal efforts level to reduce emissions is the same,supplier's profits increased,while manufacturer's profit reduced,and the efficiency of supply chain remained the same,at this point,the supplier inclined to the paid sharing mechanism,and manufacturers are more willing to implement free sharing mechanism. |
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