The Research On The Efficiency Of Local Governments' Fiscal Expenditure To Adjust The Income Gap Between Urban And Rural Residents And Its Influencing Factors

The income gap between urban and rural residents in China has been a hot topic. Because of differences in factors of production, scarcity of resources and the disturbances of various non-competitive factors, the residents' income will get a larger gap. There are a large income gap between Residents and a serious imbalance in the distribution of income in our country, Which the most prominent and most influential is the urban-rural income gap. And due to the presence of market failure, narrowing the income gap between urban and rural residents can not rely entirely on market regulation,but need for government intervention. One of the means of government intervention on the income gap is financial expenditure.through researches on the efficiency of local governments' financial expenditure to adjust the income gap between urban and rural residents,we can provide an effective way to improve the financial expenditure means to adjust the income gap between urban and rural.Above all,After the introduction of meaning, and theoretical basis of efficiency of local governments' financial expenditure to adjust the income gap between urban and rural residents,and Based on a three-stage DEA model,This article has given an empirical research on the efficiency of local governments' financial expenditure in China from 2010 to 2013 to adjust the income gap between urban and rural residents, which has broken through the limitations of traditional DEA model. Research shows that, The environmental factors have a great impact on the efficiency of local governments' financial expenditure to adjust the income gap between urban and rural residents,urbanization rate and foreign trade dependence are positive factors to improve the regulation efficiency,However,the per capita GDP and population density are On the contrary;The overall technical efficiency of local government expenditure to adjust the income gap between urban and rural residents is low,which is mainly caused by pure technical inefficiency; Most of our provinces are in the "low-high" mode, making the management innovation become the main direction of improving the efficiency of our local government expenditure to adjust urban-rural income gap;Average technical efficiency of East and West is always higher than the central region,indicating that the distribution of efficiency is inconsistent with the level of economic development between regions.Secondly,Though the Tobit model,we have researched the influencing factors of efficiency of local governments' financial expenditure to adjust the income gap between urban and rural residents. The results shows that the government scale has a significant positive impact on the efficiency; the proportion of educational spending accounts for financial expenditures impact on the efficiency without significantly; the proportion of social security and employment expenditure accounts for financial expenditures also has a significant positive impact on the efficiency; the proportion of agriculture, forestry and water affairs expenditure accounts for financial expenditures can adversely affect efficiency; the number of health technical personnel per million rural residents can significantly affect efficiency; dual structure coefficient does not obviously affect efficiency.By way of Two comprehensive analysis, this article has provided some policy recommendations to improve the efficiency of local governments' financial expenditure to adjust the income gap between urban and rural residents.