The Risk Mangement Research On EPR Implementation Of Electronic And Electric Appliance Industry Of China

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) has been seen as the best countermeasures to deal with the increasingly serious environment and resource problems of waste products by the European Union (EU) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). EPR is an environmental protection strategy to reach an environmental objective of a decreased total environmental impact from a product, by making the manufacturer of the product responsible for the entire life-cycle of the product and especially for the take-back, recycling and final disposal of the product. EPR has been implemented for various types of procucts by OECD countries, especially for Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), and EPR system has been also developed in China for WEEE. But more challenges may lay on the implementation of EPR for China's complex condition in many aspects of economic and social life. So, it is necessary to explore the risk factors within the implement of EPR to guarantee the safe operation.First in this paper, the development of China's WEEE management system is presented in detail to clarify its development context, characteristics of members and growing trend from three aspects of the source of WEEE, recycling and processing system. Specially, the comparison between the informal and formal sector is made from aspects of treatment process and pollution. A deep understanding of WEEE management reality lays the foundation for later study. In addition, the frame of the laws and regulations of WEEE management system is deconstructed, and responsibility allocation of each related member is presented.Secendly, combining with the above study of China WEEE management system basing on EPR and the overseas experience, the framework of risk factors is preliminary built through identifying by adopting PEST analysis, namely four aspects of the policy and law, economy, social culture and technology. Then, the framework is dissected into four levels:inner core level, sub-inner core level, no significant external level and significant external level by the method of Gray-DEMATEL. The result shows that the problem of laws and regulation, with the social problem of informal section are the inner core risk factors, and the system finance with unregulated activities of informal section are the significant external risks, namely concentrative breaking point of contradictory.Thirdly, the tripartite Evolutionary Game model is found to analyze the collusive behavior in EPR System. The result indicates the following measures can be taken:increasing the degree of punishment, reducing the regulatory costs, increasing the cost of collusion, strengthening the propaganda education, changing the primary scale and developing the recycling technology.Lastly, the study gives some suggestions to improve the risk management of the EPR system, such as strengthening the financial management, standardizing the second-hand market, integrating the inform section, improving the ability of deep processing of processing enterprises, simplifying the process to improve the efficiency of fund management administration, inspiring consumers'participation and promoting the development of non-governmental organizations.