| Cultivated land resource is the material basis of human survival and development as the most basic factors of production, the effect of the quantity and quality change on human development should not be ignored. With the development of science and technology and the emergence of the food problem, the research of cultivated land protection by human turned from quantity focusing into equal emphasis on quality and quantity. The quality of cultivated land is not only affected by the natural environment, to a great extent, is also closely related to human activities.Years of practice has proved that by the consolidation of farmland, especially basic farmland, strengthening the construction of infrastructure of farmland, can effectively improve conditions for agricultural production, improve the production capacity of cultivated land, reduce agricultural production cost. Moreover, it also can improve the traditional land use pattern effectively, expand the scale of operation, promote agricultural efficiency and farmers' income.In order to ascertain the specific impact on arable land quality made by land consolidation project,reflect the real changes of cultivated land quality level before and after the consolidation project, explore the method of cultivated land quality comprehensive evaluation which is suitable for Guizhou province before and after the consolidation project, and to provide land classification and grading of arable land "demand-supply" equilibrium with important factual basis. This paper views from the point of cultivated land quality evaluation directly, respectively from two aspects of cultivated land quality and site conditions are expounded based on the LESA system for the evaluation of cultivated land quality method. In reference to the idea of LESA(Land Evaluation and Site Assessment) system, using mathematical methods which is applied to cultivated land quality evaluation before and after the consolidation, then respectively set up comprehensive evaluation model of land evaluation and site assessment before and after the land consolidation. For the sake of ensuring the integrity and the precision of the evaluation results, taking Huangping county, Suiyang county, Zhijin county, Liuzhi special zone and Dushan county, five typical provincial programs as research objects to make an empirical analysis of the land reclamation project: using the mathematical method to build the LESA evaluation model. Evaluation unit division, the construction ofthe index system and the process of evaluation model establishment was introduced in detail. Through the data of the present land use situation investigation in the study area, soil survey, field research etc, the related factors that affect the condition of regional cultivated land quality are acquired, through technical means, such as ArcGIS for regional cultivated land quality influence factors are analyzed, and constructs the evaluation index system, determine the influencing factors of 9 kinds of cultivated land quality and 5kinds of site conditions influencing factors for the cultivated land comprehensive quality evaluation model,and to improve the regional cultivated land production capacity for the purpose, finally determine the cultivated land quality comprehensive evaluation model before and after the consolidation of the study area in this paper for : LESA = 0.3?LE + 0.7?SA.Using LESA cultivated land comprehensive quality evaluation model to calculate the score of land quality in the studied area, finally determine the project area on the spatial distribution of the cultivated land comprehensive quality, and its distribution are analyzed in statistics. By the result of cultivated land comprehensive quality evaluation of LESA score calculation, the cultivated land quality produced bigger change before and after the consolidation. After land reclamation, because of the implement of land levelling project, road system engineering and irrigation and drainage systems engineering, the restrictive factors on the quality of the cultivated land is obviously improved including water conservancy facilities,terrain conditions, physical and chemical properties of soil, and transportation. The land area of first-class more than 80 points before the consolidation is 0hm2, after consolidation the area increases to 481.51hm2 directly, accounting for 15.19% of the arable land after remediation, which carries Suiyang increased289.35hm2, Liuzhi project area increased by 200.16hm2. After consolidation medium-class land distribution is roughly the same with the area before the consolidation, still have most of the distribution of medium in mountainous hilly region, but after the renovation medium-class land distribution become more concentrated and more continuous. The area of worse cultivated land below 60 points has significantly reduced, down to 20% from 38.58% before the consolidation, 168.1hm2 as new farmland. Each index were improved to a certain extent in the consolidation region in the result of deepening the commune, merging field edge, field irrigation and drainage facilities and other projects which is implemented. Some small regional terrain slope area, such as Suiyang and Dushan project area, its condition is better off, the economy is more developed, the road network is perfect, but the main reason that most of the medium landeven low land can improve the quality level is the effective soil layer thickness was obviously increased and the degree of road accessibility has improved significantly.The results and analysis of cultivated land quality evaluation reveal that land reclamation engineering make direct effect on improving the quality of cultivated land, and has obvious impact on effective soil layer thickness, surface soil texture, and for part of the larger score increased cultivated land is mainly for effective soil layer thickness, the terrain slope, road access, and the indices such as irrigation and drainage conditions improved significantly, thus it can be seen, during the consolidation of arable land, to realize maximize the benefit of regulation, can be taken different engineering measures on different arable land,not only can make the cultivated land quality increased significantly, but also can reduce the engineering cost. Due to the quality of cultivated land, to a great extent, was improved by land consolidation, making the capability in land reclamation region increased. In this paper, according to the detailed evaluation process and reasonable comprehensive quality evaluation result, embodies the feasibility and scientificity of LESA system improvement project in the evaluation of farmland quality. |
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