Changes Of Female Labor Participation In China's Economic Transition Period

Labor participation rate is an important measure of the labor force,which is the percentage of the population that is working,and the percentage of those who are still looking for work.Under the premise of the total population and labor resources,the higher the labor participation rate,the more labor supply in the labor market.While the female labor participation rate is an important basis for measuring women's participation in social production in the labor market in the status of the female labor force participation of women themselves,can make the economy remain independent,helps to protect its development,for social equality idea also has a very important significance,but also related to the the whole country's sustainable development and progress.Since China's economic transformation,the female labor participation rate showed a significant downward trend.This paper analyzes the influencing factors of female labor participation rate,and tries to explain the downward trend in our country.Many factors influence the female participation rate,including women's subjective factors,such as age,education level,and family factors and social factors,this paper mainly explores and analyzes the family level,family size from the spouse market income,marital stability,family planning,and housework and caring for the elderly on the perspective of female labor participation in analysis of the impact and the corresponding economic explanation.As China's gender in the income and employment status of the relative deterioration of the overall point of view,the overall state of the division of labor in China is still in line with the "male outside,female inside the main" of the traditional model.It can be said that the expansion of the income gap between the sexes is the result of the comprehensive effect is to promote women to reduce market labor time,which led to the decline in female labor participation rate.China's population aging problem is becoming more and more prominent,and the demographic dividend is gradually disappearing,the evolution of population and fertility is more and more important to our country's labor market and economic growth.Family planning working time allocation of women play a very important role in reducing fertility,can increase women's wages and improve women's expected time of work,the female labor force participation rate will increase.The greater the size of the family,the family economic pressure borne by women also follow the increase,the corresponding increase in market labor,which makes the female labor force participation rate to be improved.In this paper,based on theory and empirical research of the predecessors,explains the nearly twenty years of labor participation rate changes over the years of the status quo,and compared with the average level of the world and other countries in the world,found in China's female labor force participation rate at a very high level,also carried out a comparison of the sexes,male China's labor participation rate has been in a downward trend.But the female labor participation rate compared to male Chinese labor participation rate change has the following two characteristics:first,the male labor participation rate has a similar trend,but the decline is less than second,female,female labor participation rate has stage characteristics of the male population although still exists.But the performance was not obvious.This shows that the impact of economic reform on the female labor market seems to be much greater than men.In this paper,using the measurement method about the effects of various factors effect to carry out empirical analysis,pointed out that the expansion of family size,the proportion of the elderly population increase and improve the fertility rate of the female labor force participation rate increased to promote the role of.In the last chapter of this paper,the policy makers put forward the corresponding opinions and suggestions.From the recognition of the value of housework,child care measures or policies,the implementation of women's employment,the development of a variety of forms of employment,improve the social security system and so on,this paper puts forward some reasonable suggestions.To change people's understanding of the two kinds of social division of labor from people's ideas and consciousness,and to redefine the value of housework to the society.Perfect maternity insurance policy,will be borne by the female bear the cost of the birth of a part of the social commitment.Establish and improve the stage employment related to the social security system,establish a more flexible,market-oriented,social training institutions,make the system more rich and diverse,can adapt to the increase in training needs of the occupation training system,The employment service system for the improvement of relevant laws and regulations,to improve the public employment service system,encouraging the expansion of a variety of employment patterns,such as trying to home paid employment,for married women,is one of the most important way to get working flexibility.In order to improve the female labor participation rate and change the situation of women's employment,the suggestions of the government's policy makers are relatively reasonable.