Study On Ecological Sustainability Of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture In Qinghai Province

Since 1980s,China's economy continues to grow rapidly,the process of urbanization is accelerating and the ecological protection efforts significantly improved.At the same time,the intensity of the development of China to use resources is increasing,the stress of climate change is intensifying,and the ecological environment is seriously affected.Faced with this situation,the Chinese government attaches great importance to the implementation of sustainable development strategy.Sustainable development of ecology is the environmental foundation of sustainable development.Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is located in the southwest of Qinghai Province,is the headstream of the Yangtze River,the Yellow River and the Lancang River,its status of ecology is very important.The ecological environment of the region not only affects the survival and life of the local people,but also is closely related to the social and economic development of the middle and lower regions,the whole country and even the Southeast Asia.Therefore,it has great significance to study the ecological status and sustainability of Yushu Prefecture from the ecological environment,natural resources and social economy" macro system level.Based on the remote sensing image,statistical data and field survey of Yushu Prefecture,used the spatial analysis function of ArcGIS to analyze the ecological sensitivity of Yushu Prefecture.Based on the ecological footprint model and PSR model,used the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to calculate the ecological footprint and the ecological carrying capacity of Yushu Prefecture in 2000-2015.Analyzed and evaluated the ecological security of Yushu Prefecture in 1987-2015.The main contents of the paper are as follows:(1)There are regional and spatial differences in the ecological sensitivity of Yushu Prefecture,and show the trend of high in west low in east from the overall.The Zhiduo County and the Zaduo County located in Western Yushu have higher ecological sensitivity,among the rest,the western part of Zhiduo County and the eastern part of Zaduo County belong to the severe sensitive area,the eastern part of Zhiduo County belongs to the moderate sensitive area,and the western part of Zaduo County belongs to the mild sensitive area.The Nangqian County,Yushu City,Chengduo County and Qumalai County,belong to the mild sensitive area.The extremely sensitive area and the severe sensitive area accounted for 35.23%,the moderate sensitive area accounted for about 24.56%,the mild sensitive area and the insensitive area accounted for about 40.21%of the total area in Yushu Prefecture.This can explain that the ecological environment in Yushu Prefecture should be further improved,especially in Zhiduo County and Zaduo County.We should reduce the interference of human factors to the environment,optimize the protective measures,reduce the sensitivity of these areas,and maintain the ecological sustainability of Yushu Prefecture.(2)The ecological footprint showed an increasing trend of Yushu Prefecture,and the growth rate is higher,from 37.222 million hm2 to 58.363 million hm2,the growth rate is 56.8%.The per capita ecological footprint also showed an increasing trend,from 0.8627 hm2 per people to 0.9038 hm2 per people,the growth rate is 4.8%.From the time series,the per capita ecological footprint of Yushu Prefecture are rapidly increasing in 2000-2005,decreasing in 2005-2010,and slowly increasing in 2010-2015.From the spatial distribution,the ranking of per capita ecological footprint in Yushu Prefecture is:Zhiduo County>Qumalai County>Zaduo County>Nangqian County>Chengduo County>Yushu City.(3)There are regional and spatial differences in the ecological carrying capacity of Yushu Prefecture.On the whole,the trend is increasing from low altitude to high altitude.The ranking of ecological carrying capacity in Yushu Prefecture is:Zhiduo County>Qumalai County>Chengduo County>Zaduo County>Yushu City>Nangqian County.The ecological carrying capacity of the economically underdeveloped areas in the north is higher,and the ecological carrying capacity of the economically developed areas in the south has been shown to be overloaded.This shows that the economy of Yushu Prefecture is in the stage of rapid development,and the local residents consume natural resources is greatly increased.Especially in the Nangqian County and the Zaduo County need to rational use of local resources to developing and upgrading industries,to reduce the impact on the ecological environment,and to maintain ecological stability and sustainable development.(4)There are temporal and spatial differences in the ecological security situation of Yushu Prefecture.The ecological security of Yushu Province showed an upward trend in 1987-2015.In addition to the situation of ecological security of Yushu City showed a slight deterioration,the ecological security index of the Zhiduo County,the Nangqian County,the Zaduo County,the Chengduo County and the Qumalai County are increasing.The ecological security situation in the eastern part of Yushu is obviously better than that the western.The results show that the Yushu City affected by population density and human disturbance obviously,resource pressure and social pressure on the local are increases,it need to take ecological protection measures and scientific control.The western region to further improve the ecological security situation,develop a reasonable development plan to ensure the realization of the state's ecological sustainable development.