| In the era of knowledge-driven economy,technological advancement is the source of economic growth.Scientific and technological level is increasingly becoming a significant indicator to measure a nation's competitiveness.Meantime,the government and business community are paying much attention to scientific innovation activities.With the globalization of the scientific and technological innovation,technological innovation activities are presenting different spatial arrangements.This difference turns out to be not only the gathering of the events in some part of a country but also the gathering in a few developed countries in the worldwide.As a part of the market demand,export trade is also one of the key factors to stimulate technological innovation.However,when evaluating the international standing and influence of a country's export trade,we need to include both the scale and the structure of the trade considering the fact that sometimes the structure is more important than the scale.In addition,it's necessary to distinguish different types of the export trade.Specifically,only when the export trade is based on improving the technology content can it brings sustainable economic development.In contrast,the export trade is unsustainable when it's on the basis of resource consumption.As a result,this paper aims to study whether the technological structure of export commodities can enhance the spatial differentiation of global technological innovation.In this paper,literature review is done on the spatial distribution features of the technological innovation and the relationship between the export trade and technological innovation.Also,the effects of export trade on the technological innovation are separately analyzed in terms of trade theory and financing constraints.The differences on technological structure distribution and technological level are compared from the perspective of technology content all over the world,followed by studies of the spatial distribution of the global technological innovation events through the input-output analysis of the innovation.Further,systematic GMM model is built by use of the panel data from 45 countries in the year of 2004 to 2014.The GMM model is then taken as solid evidence to study the influence of the commodity export with different technology content on spatial difference of the worldwide technological innovation.Finally,some suggestions are proposed to improve the self-innovation of domestic enterprise,based on the results from theoretical and empirical analysis.The following conclusions are drawn from this paper:(1)Though the technological structures of export commodities of countries in different areas all tend to increase,the amplitudes of the upgrade in export technology among different countries are presenting evident difference.The structure of the export technology of developing countries is way behind the developed countries;(2)the spatial distribution of the technological innovation activities worldwide is always unbalanced and highly concentrated no matter whether the input or output is taken as the indicator.And this difference is more remarkable than difference in economic development;(3)From the impact of technological structure of export commodities on spatial differentiation of global technological innovation,there are differences in the direction and size of the impact of various types of export commodities on innovation output.Exports of high-tech commodities have the most remarkable effects on improving technological innovation,successively followed by the commodities with medium-high technology.Exports of commodities with low technology present suppression on technological innovation.Low-medium technology and medium technology exports have no significant influences on technology innovation.Thus,technological structure of export commodities among different countries further enhances the formation of spatial differentiation of technological innovation pattern in the worldwide. |
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