Research On The Impact Of Climate Comfort On Tourism Activities

Under the background of global warming,summer tourism become a research hotspot.There is a good summer tourism climate conditions.Even in relatively comfortable climate in North China,larger intensity of tourism activity also can make tourists appeared uncomfortable situation,so in some conditions,suitability of tourist activities is worth discussing.This article uses the Tourism Climate Index(TCI),the Physiological Equivalent Temperature(PET)and the Climate Tourism Information Scheme(CTIS)to analyze 25 summer cites climate comfort in North China from1980 to 2009,and using the Munich Energy Balance Model for Individuals to simulate summer cites of maximum rate of human metabolism,tourist activities comfort evaluation method is put forward to evaluate the comfort of summer cities tourism activities.Finally,there analysis the relationship between summer cities climate comfort and tourism activities comfort,the following conclusions:(1)In 25 summer cities,the tourism climate index is divided into four levels in June: "good","very good","excellent" and "ideal".As July temperature and relative humidity increases,tourism climate index level decreases.In July the tourism climate index is divided into four levels: "border","acceptable","good" and "very good".In August the tourism climate index is divided into five grades: "border","acceptable","good","very good" and "excellent".Comparison in July and August,TCI numerical increased,the changes of TCI level is not particularly evident,the tourism climate comfort in August is more comfortable than in July.In September the tourism climate index is divided into three levels: "very good","excellent" and " ideal".(2)Because of the changes of temperature,humidity,wind speed,precipitation and sunshine hours,the 25 cities showed different types of climate comfort.From June to September,the types of Tourism Climate Index can be divided into two types: "V type" and "trough type".(3)In June,the average relative humidity and precipitation had a significant negative correlation with TCI,sunshine hours and wind speed had a significant positive correlation.In July,the average temperature,maximum temperature and precipitation had significant negative correlation with TCI,sunshine hours and wind speed were positively correlated with TCI.The tourist climate index in August affected by the most complex,the average temperature,maximum temperature,average relative humidity,minimum relative humidity and precipitation wasnegatively correlated with TCI,sunshine hours and TCI showed a significant positive correlation.The mean temperature,maximum temperature and wind speed were positively correlated with TCI in September.(4)According to the number of PET for comfort / neutral grade and average PET(PETa)between 1980 and 2009,25 cities in the study area were clustered and classified into three categories.The first category includes 11 cities: without hot weather,a few cities have warm weather,longer comfort period,the shortest warm weather;the second category includes seven cities: without hot weather,warm weather is longer,shorter comfort period;Class III includes 7 cities: some cities have hot weather,warmest weather is the longest,the shortest comfort period.(5)The highest frequency of thermal comfort in the 25 cities is Suifenhe.Sunshine conditions are the best in Zhalantun,sunny weather for a total of 115 days,from late June to late September consecutive.Rainy weather is the largest in Dandong,from mid June to mid September rainy weather frequency were 30%,30%,60%,100%,100%,100%,100%,64%,10%.The hot weather is the most in Kaifeng in mid June to mid September consecutive appearance.From 1980 to 2009,the average daily temperature of the 25 cities was windy weather and foggy weather.(6)This paper has air temperature between 16? to 30?,the wind speed is less than or equal to 2.5m/s,during the study period,to calculate the maximum metabolic rate of the city a total of 10 city(Chengde,Zunhua,Qinhuangdao,Sanmenxia,Zhengzhou,Xuzhou,Dandong,Tai'an,Chifeng,Yanan),the body's metabolism the highest rate of the city is the city of Chifeng.(7)Scenic beauty of the scenery,pleasant mood,relax the state and so on the impact of tourists on the sweating and other tourism activities uncomfortable patience.Therefore,this paper proposes that the maximum metabolic rate(Mmax)from the human body is higher than the maximum metabolic rate of 50W/m2(Mmax-Mmax +50W/m2)for the tourism activities.Mmax+50-Mmax+150W/m2 is defined as tourism Activity is not comfortable,> Mmax + 150W/m2 is extremely uncomfortable.(8)Overall,10 cities can meet the daily metabolic rate required for daily life.Summer comfort class and more comfortable level of tourism activities are walking,cruise,cableway,sightseeing car,driving,bird watching,flowers,riding,watching performances and religious activities.Very uncomfortable for the upper reaches of the mountain tourism activities and mountains,climbing and climbing mountains large amount of activity,in order to avoid discomfort may occur,it is recommended thattourists choose cable car,cableway,sightseeing vehicles and other comfortable way of climbing.Scenic areas affected by greening,waters and topography and other conditions,scenic climate conditions and weather stations have a certain climatic conditions,especially in summer,scenic spots should be more advantages of summer tourism.In the context of global warming and heat island intensification,the study of climatic conditions and climate comfort in scenic areas is more worthy of attention.