Research On Causes Of Overwork

With the rapid development of Chinese economy,Chinese enterprises have obtained huge profits in the fierce competition at the expense of employees health.The words such as overwork and karoshi came into people's minds.With the pressure of the life and higher pursuits of life the employees have to work overtime,which triggers excessive labor.Overwork does harm to employees healthy as well as the relation of the enterprise.In the long run,it also has a negative impact on the efficiency of the enterprise.Therefore,both in theoretical respect and in practical respect,the research on the causes of excessive labor is of great significance.This article concludes that it is common to do excessive labor for Chinese employees by analyzing the current situation of Chinese employees and listing some extreme cases of karoshi.The article sorted the excessive labor related to literature at home and abroad and found out that the most mature theory on this issue is in Japan and degree of the research vary from country to country.Domestic scholars focus on the definition,the influence,the causes and the solutions of overwork.However,the cause analysis still lack of data supports and both in theoretical model and in experimental test,it still stays in initial phase and the process of excessive labor haven't been explained clearly.The article focuses on summary of the definition and the causes of excessive labor and measuring the overwork of the employees.Based on the theory of surplus value,the two-factor theory of motivation,McClelland needs theory,labor market signaling theory and income inequality theory,this article analyses the theoretical reason of overwork.Excessive labor is a branch of labor relations,therefore,based on Dunlop system model of labor relation such as the input-output model.Finally,this article made a questionnaire survey about the working conditions of the enterprise employees in Tianjin enterprises to inspect the causes of excessive labor issue in China.And concludes that some factors such as the economic motivation of the employees,survival pressure and the spirit of hardworking contribute to positive influence on excessive labor,some favors such as the improvement of union ability,the increase of physical exercise,the awareness of the law account for negative impact on excessive labor.Next,to solve this problem the author put forward some suggestions such as protecting the basic rights of the employees,perfecting the social security system,strengthening the construction of labor ethnic,rational utilization of human resources management technology and so on.