Study On Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Main Utilization Pattern Of Corn Straw In Northeast China

Straw is an important agricultural output,which could be used as resource and abandoned as rubbish.In northeast China,the traditional way of using corn straw is for fuel(mainly used for domestic firewood)and fertilizer(mainly directly to the field).However,with the addition of straw fuel substitute,the cost of purchasing and storage increased.The corn straw in northeast China has the features of large biomass in limited time,hard to decompose for the geographical characteristics,and limitations of technology of farmers.All of the features made the low efficiency of returning straw directly to the field,and many farmers arbitrarily discarded or burned straw.Therefore,besides ensuring the fuels and ensuring quality and efficiency of returning straw to the field,the paper explores the new utilization patterns of corn strow in northeast China,analyzes its cost-effectiveness,puts forward reasonable policy suggestions,proposes relevant policy of decision-making to relevant departments,to form a pattern of “traditional way-based,multi-use of straw and comprehensive utilization of industrial use”in northeast China.Based on the theory of straw resource assessment and potential analysis,this paper comprehensively analyzed the situation of total corn straw resources in northeast from the aspects of the number,distribution and using ways.Second,through crop experts and soil experts' household research and testing,this paper analyzed the situations and problems about current proportion of the traditional agricultural methods(fuel resources,straw directly to the field)and straw burning.It is found that on the basis of ensuring the basic field,the diversified utilization can be used as an effective way changing the situation from "block" to "dredge",and at the same time making feed and fuel using are more sutiable in northeast.In order to evaluate the diversified utilization mode,the paper chosed three kinds of straw utilizations-straw feed,straw power generation and straw sugar alcohols as objects based on model enterprise in northeast which is typical from the aspects of economic benefit,social benefit and ecological benefit.Specifically chosed nine indicators for benefit calculation-cost recovery rate,sales profit rate,industrial development ability,increased employment opportunity,farmers' increased income,resource substitution rate,resource recycling rate,carbon emission reduction and straw energy conversion rate.In order to judge the efficiency level of the three main models,the Z-score normalization method was used to normalize the results.Then,the analytic hierarchy process index was used to constitute the two pairs of contrast matrix to find the weight of each level,and finally found the three typical models ranked by effectiveness.Finally determined every models' development prospects.It is found that the traditional utilization pattern of corn straw in northeastern region has the problem of negative externalities of combustion ecology,and the conversion rate is still not high.In order to optimize the utilization of straw resources,it can be supplemented by straw feed,straw power generation and straw sugar alcohol.According to the total efficiency,the model is ranked as straw feed> straw sugar> straw power generation.From each benefit level,the straw feed pattern produced a large value-added benefit by using innovative fermentation technology.As for the straw power generation and straw sugar,they have lower economic efficiency which was due to the higher costs caused by large straw demand,closed storage and inconvenient transportation process.However,compared with other two modes of using ways the straw feed was not obvious in the ecological benefit.Therefore,it is very important to improve the utilization and transportation system of corn straw,the high level of utilization technology and implement the diversified development pattern.Therefore,this paper put forward the idea of taking the government as the mainstay and the related using enterprise as objects to achieve market-oriented operation models industrial development.We will continue to implement the comprehensive utilization pattern of the straw in the area,establish the efficient straw storage and transportation system and improve the construction of relevant supporting facilities.Also increasing the straw subsidies on the main body to form straw marketed utilization,continue to implement the regional straw full use of the model and finally to the form a field-oriented,diversified recycling pattern.