The Research On Path Of Industrial Transformation And Upgrading In Kaifeng (1949-2015)

Industrialization is the core task of developing countries and regions in carrying out modernization,of which the theme is to develop industrial economy.Great achievements have been made in large-scale industrialization of China after more than 60 years,especially through two prominent transitional developing stages including 1978-1997 and 1998-2014 since 50 s of last century.However,China is still in the middle of industrialization.The industrialization level is not high and the industrial strength is still very weak comparing with the developed countries.There are some problems in industrial economy,such as unbalanced industrial development between regions and lack of competitiveness in manufacturing.China's economic growth is in the "three phase superposition" stage,which generates the objective requirements and opportunities for changing the mode of economic development with China's entry into the new normal state of economic development,the constraints of resources and environment becoming tighten,and the factors market changing.Industry,the main sector of the modern national economy,influences the development of the whole national economy,and the transformation of the mode of economic development must be implemented in industrial sector.The industrial economy must be transformed and upgraded because it is governed by the laws of industrial changes and the macroeconomic situation.Kaifeng is a famous historical and cultural city with prosperous commercial history.But,the industry as a modern industrial sector had not been fully developed since it entered into modern times in Kaifeng.The backwardness of Kaifeng industry has been greatly improved under the background of actively carrying out economic construction throughout the country after the founding of new China.Kaifeng industrial development is rapid,especially after entering into the new century,the industry contributes to the local economy under the system reform and policy support after the reform and opening up.But its comprehensive strength has always been weak.The economy grows slow,industrial contribution declines in recent years,and the problem of weak industrial strength is exposed.The environment of economic development is complex and changeable,and the competition is fierce in the cities under the new normal condition.This paper discusses the path of industrial transformation and upgrading based on Kaifeng's reality,which has theoretical and practical necessity for ensuring the sustained and healthy development of Kaifeng's economy and the revival of the ancient capital.At the same time,it studies the history of Kaifeng industrial development and finds out the shortage of industrial economy.First of all,the paper outlines the general situation of Kaifeng industrial transformation and upgrading from the perspective of factor allocation and utilization efficiency,and analyzes its main influencing factors in accordance with the principle of "detailed modern and slightly ancient".The conclusion is that Kaifeng is located in the typical inland Central Plains farming area,and is not prominent resource-based city,which determines its industry is not developed by using the long-period theory.This paper holds that the industry of Kaifeng has been changed before the reform and opening of the planned economy,but the process of industrialization has been delayed and the efficiency is low.Since then,the market-oriented reform has greatly improved the efficiency of factors utilization,optimized the industrial structure and accelerated the development through the comparative study of the allocation and utilization efficiency of industrial production factors in Kaifeng in the two stages and situation analysis of long-period theory.Secondly,this paper studies the status of Kaifeng industrial development and defines the direction of transformation and upgrading by the industrialization stage theory,shift-share method and five-rate analysis.Kaifeng should vigorously develop advanced manufacturing industry to promote industrial transformation and upgrading because it is in the middle stage of industrialization and the industrialization level is not high.Kaifeng industrial structure is reasonable but not balanced,and the position of traditional and dominant industries is not stable,the development of high-end manufacturing,energy saving and environmental protection industry are not sufficient.Some industries have a certain competitiveness in Henan province,but the overall competitiveness of industry is not strong and tends to decline by analysis of shift-share method.This paper finds that the productivity of Kaifeng industrial factors is low and growth is poor,and the industrial development is in the factors driven stage viaanalyzing the fiverates.The theme of Kaifeng industrial transformation and upgrading is the transformation from factors driven to technological innovation driven,and the main direction is the production of high-tech,intelligent,energy-saving,the products of high-end and features.Third,this paper determines the two paths of Kaifeng industrial transformation and upgrading based on the foregoing study.On the one hand,development of industrial structure should be consolidated and upgraded,including labor-intensive industries,high-end manufacturing and energy-saving environmental protection industry.On the other hand,industrial competitiveness should be enhanced through high technology and cultural resources.That is to say,it can actively cultivate strategic emerging industries and promote industrial development and cultural integration using new and high technology to transform traditional industries.Finally,the paper puts forward some suggestions for the transformation and upgrading of Kaifeng industry.It can implement appropriate industrial supportive policy,strengthen the software and hardware construction of industrial parks,strengthen the financial support of transformation and upgrading.It can also develop the export-oriented industrial using the advantages of free trade zones,deepen Zhengzhou-Kaifeng integration development strategy,deeply implement “the Internet plus” and "the Culture plus" double strategies,attach importance to investment in human capital and product quality improvement,construct and extend industry value chain.