Research On Spatial Expansion Characteristics And Effect Factors Of Rural Settlements In Jinhua

The spatial expansion characteristics and effect factors of rural settlements in Jinhua are synthetically analyzed by using RS,GIS technology,Spatial data analysis and statistical methods.First,this paper analyzes the dynamic evolution process of spatial distribution of rural settlements in Jinhua by using nearest neighbor index,Ripley's k function and barycenter model.Secondly,based on the landscape pattern index and the landscape ecology theory,this paper expounds the characteristics of landscape pattern changes of rural settlements through the analysis of 9 towns(city,territories)administrative divisions.Third,from the micro perspective,combining natural factors(elevation,slope)and location element(road,river),it makes an analysis of landscape pattern change characteristics of spatial distribution of local rural settlements.Lastly,it analyzes the driving factors of the spatial evolution of the rural residential area in Jinhua from the socioeconomic point of view by using metrology method.Results for this study are as follows:(1)This paper analyzes the rural settlements distribution through the Ripley's K function and the nearest neighbor statistic.Although rural settlements is in the aggregated state in Jinhua,it appears gradually dropped phenomenon of aggregation rate,that is to say,diffusion model of spatial distribution is gradually becoming obvious,which proves that the aggregation state of rural settlements is coexistence with expansion tendency currently,in details,rural settlements is gathering together while is expanding in all directions.Through the analysis of barycenter model,the barycenter of all rural settlements among 9(towns,cities,territories)administrative divisions in Jinhua has different degree of displacement,the maximum displacement distance is up to 33km.(2)This paper also makes a landscape characteristics analysis of rural settlements in Jinhua by using landscape pattern method.The area of rural settlements has been increasing during the period from 1983 to 2015,the net increase of 6993.36hm2 during period from 2005 to 2015,compared with the two period 1983-1995 and 1995-2005,The increasing rate is slowing down gradually.The standard deviation of plaque area increased from 2.355 to 10.160,the large plaque index rose from 0.223 to 0.828,and the scale of rural residential area expanded significantly.Meanwhile,the concentration rate of rural settlements in Jinhua increased from 80.509 to 84.606,which indicated that the landscape connectivity degree in rural residential area was getting higher and higher and the adjacency was becoming stronger and.stronger.The mean patch fractal dimension increased from 1.038 to 1.058,the rural residential fractal is not obvious and fragmentation is relatively lower.(3)In terms of the natural factors of the spatial distribution of rural settlements in Jinhua,from the elevation point of view,more than 50%of the topographic area in the altitude 100 m below belongs to the rural settlements,the largest patch index was 1.383 in 2015,standard deviation of plaque area was 10.52,It indicates that the scale of rural residents vary greatly,the degree of aggregation reached up to 84.79,reflecting that the concentrated rate was relatively higher in the altitude 100 m below.In the slope angel range between 0-10 ° area,the percentage of rural settlements area and rural settlements numbers in Jinhua was 95%and 85%respectively,It shows that the slope directivity of rural settlements distribution was obvious.(4)In terms of the regional factors of the spatial distribution of rural settlements,from the river perspective,the proportion of rural settlements area within the 0-500 m was up to 50%and it shows a gradually slowing down tendency of all quotas in 3 buffer zones within 0-1500m,while plaque area,patch density and mean patch area within 1500-2000m were all increased,It means the farther away from the river,the fewer the river's influence placed on rural settlements distribution.Analyzing from the road buffer zone point of view,the number proportion of rural settlements remained flat within the 0-500 m and 500m-2000m buffer zone.In addition,the farther away from the road,the less the area of rural residential area,the fewer the number of patches,the more scattered the settlements,the road factor places significant role on the concentration of the distribution of residential areas.In recent years,with the continuous improvement of the traffic network in the study area,the trend that rural settlements getting closer and closer to the road has become more and more obvious.(5)This paper analyzes the driving force of rural settlements expansion in Jinhua by using factor analysis,The results shows:increase of farmer's income and high rate remaining of rural population accelerate the speed of rural settlements expansion-rural settlements expand to external frontiers and even appears new settlements land.Stronger sense of clan and marriage in local rural settlements has serious influence on the rural settlement development.Under the background of a new-type of urbanization,the government put forward the goal of rural modernization to readjust rural land actively and optimize the layout of rural settlements.