| The relocation for poverty alleviation is one of the large-scale activities of immigration led by the government in the history of our country.It's one of the key measures of poverty alleviation work.Because,the most obvious change is to help immigrants construct the infrastructure and other physical capital in the process of relocation,so after relocation,to help immigrants change their poor industry and pull the poor root have become the most important thing in the latter part of the work.Carrying out the research of sustainable livelihood on the study area and putting forward the measures to help immigrants out of poverty quickly are significant to implement the policy of the relocation for poverty alleviation in the late period.This paper took Ningwu County,Shanxi province as the research area.After the analysis of the distribution characteristics of the villages of the first three immigrants,the first immigrants with long relocation time was selected to conduct an investigation.Firstly,using the index system of the livelihood capital before and after relocation,all immigrants and immigrants from all ages were studied respectively.The livelihood capital of the immigrants was analyzed to clarify the implementation of the policy on the improvement of the livelihood capital of the immigrants.Then,based on the analysis of the change of the livelihood strategy before and after relocation,the descriptive statistics and the binary logistic regression analysis were carried out on the relationship between the livelihood capital and the livelihood strategy.Through the study found that:(1)The distribution of the villages of immigrants were influenced by altitude,slope,distance from main roads and township centers.The higher of the elevation,the larger of the slope,the farther away from the main road and the township center and the proportion of poor village was greater.These factors restricted the development of the village.(2)After relocation,the overall level of livelihood capital increased,but it was still low and unbalanced.The livelihood capital increased by 92.79%.The physical capital and financial capital increased,but the human capital,natural capital and social capital decreased.The average value of the livelihood capital was 0.3880 andthe overall level was low.At the same time,the livelihood capital of the immigrants was not balanced,the maximum value of physical capital was 0.8291,the minimum value of natural capital was as high as 0.1361.The livelihood capital of each immigrants was unbalanced with a maximum of 0.8419 and a minimum of 0.2696.(3)The policy of the relocation for poverty alleviation made a largest improvement in the young people and a smaller improvement in the old people.(4)After relocation,the change of the livelihood capital of the immigrants led the livelihood strategy changing from the pure agricultural to the non-agricultural,and the livelihood capital of immigrants had an influence on their livelihood strategy,whose the natural capital had a greatest influence and the material capital had a least influence.The human capital,natural capital and social capital had an influence on the immigrants choose pure agriculture livelihood strategy;The natural capital,physical capital,financial capital and social capital effected immigrants choose non-agricultural livelihood strategy;The natural capital,social capital and financial capital had influence on the immigration choice by-business livelihood strategy.According to the above research results,to achieve the sustainable livelihoods of immigrants,the government departments should implement reasonable compensation standard,encourage land circulation,improve the old-age security system and increase industry support to do well the foundation work;The community of immigrants need to complete the functions of management and service and in the community to carry out the employment training to build a platform help the immigrants get rid of poverty;The immigrants need to strengthen their awareness of getting rid of poverty. |
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