| In recent years,the sales amount of Power Grid Corp has been declined,which is affected by the impact of industrial restructuring as well as the increasingly declined consumption of whole society electricity.In 2015,Several Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Further Deepening the Reform of the Electric Power System was issued,a new round of electricity reform kicked off.Opinions proposed to promote the reform of the sale of electricity,the release of the social capital to the placing of electricity business,which can mark the exclusive monopoly of the grid power distribution system completely broken,putting forward new challenges to the power grid companies.Under such background,making research on the efficiency of power grid companies in China,analyzing the internal and external factors to improve the efficiency of power grid enterprises to improve the efficiency of power grid enterprises and deal with the new round of electricity reform impact can have practical significance.Based on the analysis of the present situation of the domestic and foreign power grid efficiency,in this paper,three-stage DEA method was adopted to study the efficiency of the twelve provincial power grid companies from the year 2012 to 2014.The first stage measured the efficiency of DEA,the conclusion was that the input was redundant;the second stage adopted SFA model so as to eliminate environmental variables and random errors,making corresponding adjustment of the input in the first stage;the third stage used the adjusted input data and the original output data to make DEA analysis,and comparing the results of the measured efficiency in the first stage and the third stage.The empirical study found out that the input variables of power grid companies in the twelve provinces had an increasing tendency year by year,the output variables had an decreasing tendency,but the external environment of different provinces was quite larger;the consuming proportion of industrial electricity as well as the per capita GDP were conducive to the improvement of production efficiency of power grid companies,while the index of purchasing equipment was not conducive to the improvement of efficiency of power grid enterprise;from the final contrast,we knew that in the first stage we overestimated the scale efficiency of power grid enterprises and underestimate the pure technical efficiency.According to the above results and industry reality,it can be found out the reasons of the low efficiency of power grid companies such as: the unreasonable planning of power grid,the imperfect investment and financing system,lacking market competitiveness,redundant human resource,imbalance of regional development and so on.Therefore,in the new electricity reform,we must coordinate the planning of power grid construction,improve the investment and financing system and supervision system,continue to deepen the reform of electric power to form effective regulation of market competition,with perfect incentive mechanism of talents,so as to accelerate the development of local economy.According to the empirical results and industry practice,the author uses three-stage DEA method that few scholars adopted in the field of power grid industry to measure the efficiency of twelve provincial power grid companies in more than one years,making analysis on the reasons for restricting the efficiency of power grid enterprises,so as to put forward suggestions for the improvement for the new electricity reform from several aspects,and to better deal with the challenges of reform.It is hoped that this paper can provide reference for the research on the efficiency of other power grid companies as well as the reform of electric power system. |
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