A Study On The Absorptive Employment Ability Of Different Cities In China

Since the reform and opening up,along with the acceleration of the industrialization process,China's urbanization entered the critical period of developing rapidly.China's urbanization had a low starting point,and presented a characteristic of top speed.The traditional industrialized mode of urbanization brought a series of problems,such as a slowly upgrading of the slow upgrading of the industry,the deterioration of resources and environment,the intensification of social contradictions,and imperfect urban functions,which has seriously constrained the modernization process.With the change of internal and external environment,China's urbanization must enter the transformation stage which gives priority to improving quality of the citys.In the process of urbanization in China,the employment problem is becoming a very serious social problem.Reasonable planning of urban scale is a necessary condition for China to achieve inclusive employment.Based on the above background,on the basis of studying the theory of aggregation economy,Okun 's law and employment elasticity,283 prefecture-level cities in China are selected as the research object,and the employment elasticity is used as an index to measure the employability.From different cities and different regions of the city analysis of non-agricultural industries to absorb employment capacity,and further verify the high employment flexibility of the city at the expense of labor at the expense of labor,Drawing on the advanced experience of the United States and Japan,The results show that:The size gap of Chinese cities is relatively large,showing an irregular shape of Pyramid.Different types of urban output employment flexibility was "inverted U-shaped" features,large cities have a strong employment absorption capacity.The eastern part of the employment flexibility of the largest,followed by the west,the weakest in the Northeast.The overall employment elasticity of the secondary industry is higher than that of the tertiary industry,and the tertiary industry has obvious advantages in the big cities.Large-scale cities have higher labor productivity,higher employment absorptive capacity does not sacrifice labor productivity,absorb employment capacity and labor productivity growth rate has a certain alternative relationship.On the basis of this,the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to optimize the urbanization layout,realize the urban complementarity,optimize the city scale structure,promote the coordinated development of various cities,adjust the industrial structure,vigorously develop the modern service industry and optimize the city function and enhance the service level.There are three innovations in this paper.First,the employment flexibility and the combination of different sizes of cities,the use of employment elasticity coefficient to analyze the size of the ability to absorb employment.Second,from different levels of urban level to study the ability to absorb employment and labor productivity,it is concluded that cities with strong employability are not at the expense of labor productivity.Thirdly,all cities are divided into the eastern region,the western region,the central region and the northeast region by geographical location,and then compare the employment elasticity coefficient of the same size cities in different regions,the western development and the revitalization of the northeast old industrial base Provide direction.