Heilongjiang Irrigation Water Ecological Compensation Mechanism Research

Heilongjiang is a big agricultural province,and the main food production area in China as well.It has significant resource endowment and regional comparative advantages,which play an important part in provisionment and food security.But Heilongjiang faces regional economic development and the sustainability of resources and environment while it bears the nation's responsibility of food security.With the expansion of cultivate area,huge consumption and severe pollution of irrigation water has led to a series ecological problems:water and soil erosion in Xiaoxinganling,mountain to Songnen Plain transition zone;Groundwater recession in Sanjiang Plain;Reduction of wetlang area in Songnen Plain;Loss of biological diversity.The situation of sustainable development of Heilongjiang's agricultural economy is critical,posing threat to the nation's food security.In 2013,Heilongjiang's modern agricultural comprehensive reform pilot in the Two Great Plains has officially been incorporated into the national reform experimental zone,making it clear that one of the main tasks is promoting reform of water conservancy construction and the management.So,the ways to achieve agricultural sustainable development are making ration use of irrigation water and consummating irrigation water ecological compensation mechanism.Irrigation water ecological compensation mechanism is a way to solve irrigatin water problems to making agricultural resources sustainable and guaranteeing the nation's food security through the ways of capitals,policies,systems,making beneficiaries pay for the maleficiaries.This paper has a governance perspective,based on the public goods theory,externality theory and the theory of sustainable development,referring to various fields researches results and successful practice experience of ecological compensation at home and abroad,stating current situation and existing problems on ecological compensations,then analyze the game results on irrigation water ecological compensation among related interest subjects:the game results between central government and the main government shows:it's not viable to achieve a balance by law enforcement or penalties increase.So undrt the premise of the lack of economic compensation system,there's no strategy Nash equilibrium,any a strategy has a player can get better returns through changing a separate strategy.The game results between the main government and grain-consumed governments shows:without external force,it's hard to reach?compensate,invest?agreement,unable to achieve cooperation,there must be a binding agreement between local governments combining with the central vertical fiscal transfer payments.In order to promote the implementation of ecological compensation mechanism,the central government and grain-consumed governments apportion the compensation amount.Grain-consumed governments'compensation limit can't exceed its gains,that is P?R₄,the central government bears the rest,and accord with P+P_C>I-R₂.On the basis of the game conclusion,buildingHeilongjiangirrigationwaterecologicalcompensation mechanism,including compensation subjects,compensation amounts,compensation mode,the usage of compensation funds and supervision.At last,put forward the countermeasures and suggestions.