The Analysis Of The Impact Of Environmental Regulation On The Transfer Of Pollution-intensive Industries

In 2008,the international financial crisis brought heavy strike to the economies of developed Country.The world's pattern has undergone significant changes.The cost of labor,land and other factors in China has increased rapidly,and the industrial structure has been optimized and upgraded constantly.At this time,developed countries are aware that only the real economy can achieve sustainable growth of economy,and the “re-industrialization” wave has swept along.The developed countries have relocated their overseas production lines back to their countries and the world's fourth industrial shift has resulted.At the same time,extensive economic development methods have led to huge consumption of resources and energy and the pollution of environmental.China is in a transitional stage from extensive production mode to intensive production mode,and pollution-intensive industries has been a large-scale shift under the dual influence of sub-industry transfer and the continuous transformation of China's economic development mode.In order to avoid becoming a “pollution haven” in the central and western regions,all regions need to balance the environmental protection and economic growth through the adjustment of environmental regulations.Strengthening environmental regulation will increase the production and operation costs of enterprises inevitably and promote the industrial re-layout.Therefore,the study of the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial transfer will contribute to a deeper understanding of the formation mechanism of regional industrial transfer,while will play an important role in realizing the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and the sustainable development of economy and society.At present,most of the studies on environmental regulation and pollution-intensive industrial shifts are conducted from the perspective of empirical analysis to verify the “pollution haven hypothesis”,“pollution haven” effect,and “porter hypothesis”.The research conclusions are divided into three major categories: The first type of research results show that the “pollution haven” effect exists in China;the second type of research results show that in the early stage of the improvement of environmental regulation,for the costs pollution-intensive industries choice industrial transfer,and continued improving environmental regulations would promote technological innovation,then bring the “porter effect”;the third type of research results show that the increase in the intensity of environmental regulation has nosignificant effect on pollution-intensive industrial transfer.However,these empirical analyses have not been effectively combined with theoretical research,and the measurement of environmental regulation and industrial transfer need further consideration.Combining the deficiencies of the current research,this paper first constructs a model,which takes the environmental regulation as an influencing factor and incorporates it into the center-periphery model,and then establishes an equilibrium function of the actual welfare,proceeding from the inner equilibrium point and the core-peripheral equilibrium point.Explore the different circumstances of environmental regulation which location of pollution-intensive industries will choice.Then,this paper uses the amount of unit pollution control investment to measure the intensity of environmental regulation,and uses the change of average concentration to measure the pesent situation of transfer of pollution-intensive industries.Based on the analysis of the status quo,there is a nonlinear relationship between the intensity of environmental regulation and the transfer of pollution-intensive industries,so choice the method of threshold panels regression to analysis the non-linear relationship,and pollution-intensive industries are divided into water pollution-intensive industries and air pollution-intensive industries,divide the country into three major regions: the eastern,central,and western regions,and explore the mechanism of environmental regulation on the transfer of pollution-intensive industries in the three major regions.Based on the research conclusions,the corresponding policy recommendations are proposed.The results of the study show that:(1)Enterprises of the polluting sector have shifted from areas with higher environmental regulations to areas with lower environmental regulations.(2)The level of environmental regulation in China has increased gradually.The intensity of environmental regulation in the east is much higher than that in the central and western regions;pollution-intensive industries in the east continue transferring to the outside,and pollution-intensive industries are continuously transferred to the central and western regions.(3)The transfer of pollution-intensive industries,water pollution-intensive industries,and air pollution-intensive industries are all significantly affected by environmental regulations,but have a threshold effect.(4)When the intensity of environmental regulation in the east is lower than the first threshold,the higher environmental regulations are the reasons for the pollution-intensive industries transfer to outside in the eastern region,the environmental regulations are not the reasons for the transfer of pollution-intensive industries in the center region,and the lower environmental regulations are the reasonsfor the transfer of pollution-intensive industries in the western region.(5)When environmental regulations fall between two thresholds,the high environmental regulation in the east is the reason for the water pollution-intensive industries outflow to the outside.The environmental regulation in the central region first showed its attractiveness to the water pollution industry,and later showed dispersion.The lower environmental regulations are the reasons for the transfer of the water pollution-intensive industries in the western region.(6)When environmental regulations fall between two thresholds,the high environmental regulation in the east is the reason for the atmospheric pollution-intensive industries outflow to the outside.The lower intensity of environmental regulation in the central region is a significant factor influencing the transfer of atmospheric pollution-intensive industries.Environmental regulation in the western region first showed attractive and then show a distraction.According to the mechanism of environmental regulation on the transfer of pollution-intensive industries,in order to improve the quality of the environment while ensuring economic development,several policy recommendations are proposed: continuing to increase environmental control;realizing the transformation and upgrading of polluting industries;strengthening innovation and continuously improve environmental protection science and technology level;reasonable assessment of factor endowments.