Research On Horizontal Ecological Compensation Mechanism In Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region Under Environmental Justice Perspective

The construction of ecological civilization has been incorporated into the national governance system.Ecological compensation has become an important part of the overall reform of the central government.The coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei has risen to the national strategic level,and the integration of ecological protection has become the first breakthrough in collaborative development.The whole society is concerned about the ecological environment of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,and the state and local governments attach great importance to the ecological environment protection in the region.For a long time,Hebei has provided a lot of support for the development of Beijing and Tianjin,and has paid huge sacrifices.In terms of ecological protection,Hebei have paid more,benefit less,lost many development opportunities,Beijing and Tianjin paid less,benefited more and the economic development is better.At the present stage,due to unbalanced economic development,imperfect legal system,administrative boundaries and other factors,the distribution of ecological interests and responsibilities in the region is unreasonable,which leads to the slow progress of horizontal ecological compensation.Therefore,the establishment of a horizontal ecological compensation mechanism is an important content of cooperative development and an effective way to explore the construction of ecological civilization.It can alleviate the tremendous pressure facing Hebei,promote the ability of ecological environment coordination,improve the ecological environment and promote the coordinated development.China's horizontal ecological compensation is in the exploration and pilot phase.The work of horizontal ecological compensation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei has achieved certain achievements in the fields of forest,water and river.Firstly,the paper is restricted by some factors under the background of the coordinated development,such as the current china's centralization system,the imbalance of regional economic development,and the administrative barriers,which use case analysis and literature research to analyze the Luanhe River water,Paddy Land-to-Dry Land program and Guanting Reservoir case.Secondly,according to the theory of environmental justice,the article raises five questions in practice.First,the law is not sound.Second,the consultation mechanism is imperfect.Third,ecological planning and regulation are not sound.Fourthly,unreasonable compensation standards cause an unfair distribution of ecological benefits and burdens.Fifth,the ambiguous ecological compensation subject leads to the inconsistency of responsibility and right.At the same time,Draw lessons from the experience of the Tennessee river valley,New York City water source,Xinan river,Dongjiang river and Chengdu and Abbe Industrial Park,the paper based on collaborative development objective request and the realistic requirement of ecological protection puts forward four principles,such as integration,the rule of law,collaboration,and orderly participation.Finally,six suggestions are put forward.First,the government should establish the concept of integration and develop a common ecological compensation plan.Second,the government should improve the relevant laws so that the rights of the subject can be clarified.Third,the government should strengthen cooperation and improve the system of consultation and supervision.Third,the government sets reasonable compensation standards to enhance the fairness of interests and responsibilities.Fourthly,the government should combine the government's leading and the market mechanism to implement diversified compensation methods.Fifth,the government should combine ecological compensation with poverty alleviation to explore new ways of targeted poverty alleviation.These Suggestions are of great practical significance to improve the lateral ecological compensation mechanism of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei.