Analysis On The Theory And Practice Of Domestic Garbage Classification Legislation In Haikou City

The promulgation of the "National Ecological Civilization Test Zone(Hainan)" has put forward higher requirements for the construction of ecological civilization in Hainan.The "Haikou Municipal Solid Waste Sort Management Measures"(hereinafter referred to as the "Measures")takes the classification of domestic waste as the legislative theme,which is conducive to promoting the treatment of domestic waste in Haikou City,and is also the premise and basic legislation for the construction of Hainan Ecological Civilization Experimental Zone.The "Measures" draw on advanced legislative experience at home and abroad,and have a series of ideas and institutional innovations.Good legislation also needs supporting systems to give full play to its maxinum effectiveness.In order to promote the effective implementation of the "Measures",we need to strengthen supporting system construction,including wet garbage metering and charging system,dry garbage and harmful garbage paid recycling system,household garbage classification financial special system,long-term mechanism of household garbage classification publicity and education and supervision system.The first part introduces the background of domestic waste classification legislation in Haikou City.The growing amount of domestic waste in Haikou City and the slow progress of domestic waste classification have caused serious damage to the ecological environment,The academic definition of domestic waste classification shows the feasibility of classification management.The relevant domestic and foreign laws and regulations provide the basis and reference for legislation.In the second part,we explore the innovation and characteristics of the "Measures".The first is the concept innovation of the "Measures" which could not only solve the local problems,but also could present the characteristics of local legislation,introduce the concept of circular economy and social governance,thus to realize the recycling of domestic waste,and promote the participation of the whole people in the classification of domestie waste.The second is the main institution innovation of the "Measures":in order to strengthen the supervision and management of the classified delivery,the "Measures"established the system of the person responsible for the classified delivery management.Considering both high standards and practicability,we have established the classification standard of the "fourfold division",implemented the principle of payment,established the charging system for domestic waste treatment,integrated the management forces and established the joint conference system for management.The third is the legislative characteristics of the "Measures":facing the severe situation of domestic waste government,it is necessary to incorporate the legislation of domestic waste classification into the legislative plan in time and carry out the legislative investigation in advance.The National People's Congress(NPC)played a leading role in the process of drafting the bill.And at the stage of review and amendment,the bill was reviewed twice and amended several times so as to fully absorb all the opinions of society sectors.In the third part,we have established and improved the supporting system to promote the implementation of the“Measures”.Firstly,it is suggested to set up a system of measuring and charging for the wet garbage.Collecting treatment fees for wet garbage by using special bags for them.The second is to establish a system of paid recovery of dry and harmful garbage,which could not only improve the recovery rate of dry garbage,but also prevent harmful garbage from flowing to society.Thirdly,we can establish a special financial system for domestic waste classification to ensure the improvement of collection facilities.The fourth is to establish a long-term mechanism of publicity and education,which could cultivate people's habits of sorting domestic waste effectively.The fifth is to build a corresponding supervision and management system for the key links of sorting domestic waste and fully implement the responsibility of supervision and illegal activities.