Research On The Dynamic And Static Characteristics Of Ultra-high Speed Grinding Wheel Body

Ultra-high speed grinding technology is a highly integrated technology of modern new material technology,manufacturing technology,control technology,testing technology and experimental technology.It has the characteristics of good processing quality and high processing efficiency.It has achieved a breakthrough in the processing of hard-to-grind materials and is a revolutionary change in grinding processing technology.Ultra-high speed grinding technology mainly focuses on several key parts,such as ultra-high speed and high power spindle,ultra-high speed grinding wheel and ultra-high speed grinding mechanism.Ultra-high speed grinding wheel is the direct contact object of grinding,and its performance directly affects the ultra-high speed grinding process.At present,due to the different matrix materials of ultra-high speed grinding wheels,the main types of ultra-high speed grinding wheels are metal matrix grinding wheels and CFRP grinding wheels.The quality of metal matrix grinding wheels is obviously larger than that of CFRP grinding wheels,which results in large radial deformation of metal matrix grinding wheels due to centrifugal force in grinding process,thus destroying the grinding wheel base and segments,reducing the safety and reliability of grinding wheels.Moreover,metal matrix grinding wheels increase the load of the spindle and reduce the service life of the spindle.Although the quality of CFRP grinding wheel is lighter,CFRP grinding wheel is expensive and difficult to process.CFRP grinding wheel needs very high manufacturing cost.The use of CFRP grinding wheel is seriously hindered by the influence of the self-structure of CFRP grinding wheel,the different laying methods of grinding wheel base,the number of segments produced and used,and the adhesion of light matrix and segments.Therefore,timely research on the dynamic and static characteristics of the ultra-high speed grinding wheel matrix can promote the development of ultra-high speed grinding wheel technology,provide technical support for the development of ultra-high speed grinding wheel technology,and further promote the development of ultra-high speed grinding technology in China.Aiming at the problems of the above-mentioned super-high speed grinding wheels,the dynamic and static characteristics of variable cross-section metal matrix grinding wheels and CFRP grinding wheels are studied by means of the combination of finite element analysis and experiment.A complete set of design and fabrication technology of CFRP grinding wheels is optimized and established.Experiments verify the superiority of CFRP grinding wheels in super-high speed grinding.Specific research contents are as follows:(1)Analysis of the influence of the matrix structure of ultra-high speed grinding wheel on the grinding performance of grinding wheelA super-high speed grinding wheel model was established by using finite element method(ABAQUS).The effects of different cross-section matrix on the grinding performance of metal matrix grinding wheel were analyzed.The dynamic and static characteristics of metal matrix grinding wheel and CFRP grinding wheel with parallel cross-section matrix were compared.Including radial deformation,maximum equivalent stress and natural frequency,the influence mechanism of matrix material on grinding performance of ultra-high speed grinding wheel was studied.(2)Design and manufacture of CFRP grinding wheelThe structure of CFRP grinding wheel is slightly different from that of metal-based grinding wheel.Firstly,the center flange of CFRP grinding wheel is bonded with the light matrix,and the two end faces of the center flange are used as the benchmark to improve the accuracy of the grinding wheel.Secondly,the CFRP matrix is made of anisotropic single-layer preprepreg.Before laying,the angle of the layer,the thickness of the single-layer prepreg and the number of layers should be determined.The reasonable laying structure makes the CFRP matrix nearly isotropic.When the matrix is made,the bonding between the matrix and the segment,the matrix and the center flange is completed,and the CFRP grinding wheel needs to be dressed and tested for its safety performance.The grinding advantages of CFRP grinding wheels with light weight,high strength,high stiffness and high fatigue strength in high speed and super high speed are studied.(3)Grinding Characteristic Experiment of Ultra-high Speed Grinding WheelAfter the manufacture of steel matrix grinding wheel and CFRP grinding wheel,the performance of ultra-high speed grinding wheel is evaluated,that is,the grinding characteristics of steel matrix grinding wheel and CFRP grinding wheel are compared.The above simulation work is validated by experimental method.Under the same grinding speed,same feed speed and the same back feed,the same workpiece is grinded by steel matrix grinding wheel and CFRP grinding wheel respectively.The experimental data are recorded and the radial deformation of the two grinding wheels at the corresponding speed is measured.At the same time,it is verified that the designed and manufactured CFRP grinding wheel can meet the requirement of 160m/s grinding speed,which provides a theoretical basis for the design of ultra-high speed grinding wheel with light weight and high strength.