Performance-based Safety Risk Evaluation And Monitoring Applying Proactive Management Indicators

Site safety management within the construction industry typically involves physical evaluation of site conditions and safety incident reporting.Historical data such as losttime injury and fatality rates are monitored to identify project risk and drive safety improvements.Control and review of site safety is limited to checklists and basic probabilistic risk assessment of site conditions and such control strategies are rarely implemented in formal monitoring strategies.The construction industry requires proactive management and monitoring strategies since this traditional approach is unable to reflect the status of safety management and environment,or provide any predictive value for contractors,clients,government or insurance providers.This paper proposes a performance-based methodology of project safety risk evaluation and monitoring for site application,addressing some limitations identified in previous leading indicator research and considering safety from the perspective of management performance.The study proposes the adoption of a standardised framework based on industry guidelines,an entropy-based approach to hazard uncertainty and introduces rectification efficiency as a dynamic measure of both management performance and hazard exposure,using set pair analysis(SPA)to assess performance.It evaluates site safety status through the measure of new site hazards in an evaluation period,HRI,and the performance of management to remediate identified hazards,REI.It proposes SPI as a comprehensive measure of safety considering the performance of management to eliminate hazards with respect to the development of new hazards.It utilises real site data which is objective and provides active indication of the safety environment considering the human,environment and management factors of project safety.The proposed methodology is applied to a set of 7 case building projects and results are compared with a typical risk assessment method adopted by third-party safety inspectors.Its application to case projects demonstrates that the proposed methodology provides objective,reliable and conservative indication of project safety performance.In addition to the comprehensive score,the hazard and rectification indicators provide actionable information for contractors to address failures and improve safety conditions which is not provided by traditional assessment methods.It also facilitates earlier detection of changes to project safety status such that proactive and preventative adjustments can be made.Finally,the study demonstrates the early risk warning and predictive potential of formal monitoring practices of leading performance indicators and the exploration of more robust assessment methods.It promotes the adoption of proactive hazard control and proactive safety management and monitoring strategies in construction.