Research On Optimization Of Beijing-Tianj In-hebei Railway Scattered Freight Express Operation In Competitive Environment

During the " 12th Five-Year Plan " period,China's industrial structure has been gradually optimized,service industry have risen suddenly,and strategic emerging industries have grown rapidly.These result in the bulk goods demand volume reduced and the demand of high value-added white goods increased dramatically,highway and air transportation firmly occupy the leading position of scattered cargo market,while the share of railway freight market sharp fell.Under this background,China Railway Administration began to implement a comprehensive reform of freight organization,reopening and handling the transport of zero load goods in June 2013.They also made the scattered cargo express trains running on the whole road,and vigorously promoting door to door whole logistics service from September 2014.Beijing Railway Administration(referred to as "Beijing bureau ")took the lead in opening the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei scattered express train on July 19,2014.According to this,4.06 million tons of express cargoes have been sent cumulatively and transportation income reached 1.14 billion as of July 2017.However,the proportion of the total cargo volume is less than 3%,the lack of market competitiveness of compared with the highway and air transportation,,the small amount of freight leads to the loss of the railway scattered freight express,the main reason is that it is difficult to guarantee the punctuality,the ability to receive delivery service at both ends is insufficient and railway freight rates are unreasonable,customers prefer to choose road and air transport,which is convenient and high timeliness.Aimed to improve the market competitiveness of railway scattered express,this paper optimizes the "door to door" operating links.For the operating links at both ends,firstly,the simplified charging rules,the unification of freight rates in the same region,the reduction of access charges for delivery,and the implementation of step-by-step billing models are proposed for fragmented express transportation tariffs;then,the four-point optimization measures are proposed for the distribution of acceptance network:(1)cancel the acceptance network of small business volume;(2)increase acceptance network in the city center;(3)increase acceptance network in the enterprise-intensive area;(4)Adjust the service radius of acceptance network.next put forward the optimization ideas for the redistribution of the flow of the cargo received by the freight station for the transport networks at both ends.This paper establish a multi-objective programming model by using the objective function which includes the shortest distance for the total transportation of goods to be transported to different operation stations and the freight station acceptations of the flow of goods as concentrated as possible.Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the model are verified by examples;In the operating links of "station to station”,proposing targeted optimization measures for improve working performance.To make sure that the time frame is the primary target while improving the loading rate of the train and reduce the importance of the ideal point deviation is a secondary goal,a multi-objective nonlinear programming model for cargo transfer loading is established.This paper converts to 0-1 nonlinear single target by using the main target method to plan the problem.The model is solved through EXCEL evolution.Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the model are verified by examples.