Study On The Architecture Of Tongzhou Confucian Temple In Qing Dynasty

Confucian Temples were originally the temple for sacrificing Confucian sage,Confucius,and gradually evolved into the main place for Confucian education in the period of feudal society,which were integrated with local official schools such as the county school,state school,government school and so on,forming the unique integration of temple and study.It was developed rapidly under this background.As a material carrier for inheriting Confucianism,Confucian Temples embodies abundant Confucian humanistic thoughts and unique Oriental architectural styles.It has accumulated profound culture in the long history,which is of not only great academic value,but also artistic and scientific values.Tongzhou Confucian Temple is the oldest Confucian temple existing in Beijing,which was first built in 1298,4 years earlier than the Guozijian Confucian Temple in Beijing.Now it belongs to the cultural relics protection unit in Tongzhou.It is currently the only ancient architectural complex integrated with the combination of three religions in China,and also the only temple of three religions located beside the state government.The three religions were arranged facing each other,sitting closely by the Grand Canal,illustrating the “consistent yet different” view of traditional Chinese philosophy.This is a unique cultural landscape in China,which fully reflects the openness and inclusiveness of the Grand Canal culture.With the development of historical culture protection and construction for the sub-center in Tongzhou's old city,it has focused on “three temples and one tower” so as to construct the historical and cultural canal scenic spot.The historical restoration work of Confucian Temple in Tongzhou will be gradually carried out.As an extremely representative example of ancient Chinese architectural styles and also an important part of the cultural heritage of the canal,the research on Tongzhou Confucian Temple can furthered the understanding of the architectural features of local Confucian Temples.Combined the historical and cultural protection in Tongzhou,to explore the current status and problems of the protection and use of existing restoration buildings can provide important guiding significance for the restoration and protection of the ancient buildings of Confucian Temples.In this paper,Tongzhou Confucian Temple was selected as the main research object.Through combing literature data,field investigation,mapping and analysis and 3D simulation,the study will mainly be carried out from the following three aspects: 1.The historical evolution and current status of Tongzhou Confucian Temple: Through reviewing historical materials and old photographs,I have reviewed the historical remains,damages,repairs and rehabilitation of Tongzhou Confucian Temple in various periods.And through the field research,the construction information was collected and the current status of its preservation was analyzed.2.Research on the overall layout and architecture: The historical and cultural materials about the pattern regulation of the Chinese temple complex and the changes in the scale of Tongzhou Confucian Temple in each period were studied.Its overall layout,functional role,spatial organization,architectural features and doukou system were analyzed.I have compared it with the Beijing Confucius temples,completed the surveying and mapping of three-dimensional images for important buildings.3.Evaluation and Protection of Existing Buildings of the Tongzhou Confucian Temple: From a variety of perspectives,the existing Tongzhou Confucian Temple complexes were compared with the layout regulations and architectural arrangements in the Qing Dynasty.And the existing restored buildings in Tongzhou Confucian Temple were tried to be evaluated and discussed about the value and significance of the protection and use.The existing problems of the protection and utilization status as well as the reasons behind them were analyzed.At the same time,combining the guiding ideology of conservation and utilization for ancient buildings and the basic principles of the city historical and cultural construction in Tongzhou,the strategies and innovative development proposals of protection and utilization were proposed.