The Optimization Model Of Pedestrian Evacuation Time In Subway Transfer Station

Urban rail transit is one of the important transportation ways to solve the current urban traffic congestion.It carries more and more passenger traffic because of its large capacity,rapid,punctual and other advantages.The urban rail transit station is located in the underground space,where passengers are relatively concentrated and the movable space is small.In the event of an emergency,it will be difficult for passengers to evacuate to the ground safety zone in the shortest time,and it may even cause extensive casualties.Therefore,this article has a certain practical significance to study pedestrian evacuation in subways.At present,the evacuation specifications for subway stations at home and abroad only provided the safe evacuation time.And crowd evacuation time empirical formula assumptions are too simple and can't effectively reflect the phenomenon of crowding that may occur in a crowded environment.Therefore,this article divides pedestrian evacuation into multiple phases and conducts research separately.According to the passengers' behavior at different stages,the evacuation time calculation method is obtained.Combined with evacuation path and passenger flow assignment,this paper proposes an optimal evacuation time model for pedestrians at subway stations.Finally,based on an example analysis,this paper compares the calculated results with the example simulations to verify the validity of the model.First,the definition of emergency evacuation in subway station and the influence of the facilities on passenger evacuation are described.And this article analyzes and compares the requirements of subway passenger evacuation regulations between China and the United States,it provides a basis for the establishment of a more accurate emergency evacuation model.Secondly,this research selects Xiaozhai Station,one major transfer station of Xi'an Metro Line 2 and Line 3,to conduct pedestrian flow observations,and performs video observations at the key nodes of pedestrian distribution in platforms such as platform straight passages,up and down stairs and gates,uses Matlab to fit the observed walking speed and personnel density data to obtain the velocity-density curve.Again,through the comparative analysis of the Sino-American regulations in the previous article,this article proposes a more reasonable evacuation time calculation method,and based on this it establishes an emergency evacuation model based on the optimal evacuation time.Finally,this paper uses Xi'an subway Xiaozhai station as an example to set up two kinds of emergent evacuation scenarios,Uses AnyLogic software to simulate passenger evacuation activities,and compares the calculation results of evacuation activities with the simulation results to verify the accuracy of the model.